Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Kryvenko Anna Ivanivna – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Plant Protection, Genetics and Breeding of Odessa State Agrarian University (65039, Odessa, Kanatna St., 99, e-mail: kryvenko35@ukr.net).

Trandafir Iryna Vasylivna – postgraduate student at the Department of Plant Protection, Genetics and Breeding of Odessa State Agrarian University (65039, Odessa, Kanatna St., 99, e-mail: irinatra27@gmail.com).

Shushkivska Natalia Ivanivna – Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Production and Digital Technologies in Agronomy, Bila Tserkva Agrarian National University, (09117, Bila Tserkva, Soborna Square, 8/1, e-mail: shushkivska57@gmail.com).

Orekhivskyi Volodymyr Danylovych – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Economic Research and Innovation Providing (85307, Donetsk region, Pokrovsk city, Zahisnykyv Ukrainy street, e-mail: orekhovskiy@gmail.com).

The article presents the results of a field study conducted by VIP-AGRO LLC in the Odessa region, investigating the taxonomic structure and abundance of beneficial entomofauna in the pea agrocenosis. The purpose of the study is to establish the complex of entomophages in the pea field agrocenosis in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine, determine the species composition and taxonomic structure of beneficial insects and the feasibility of using some species as biological agents in controlling the number of pests. The methodological basis of this study is: empirical (field experiments and observations), theoretical (formation of conclusions based on research results), statistical, mathematical. Analysis of the taxonomic structure and biocenotic relationships of arthropods in the pea field agrocenosis allowed us to identify the dominant species of phytophages and assess the effectiveness of entomophages in regulating their number in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. In pea crops in the Odessa region, 30 species of entomophages belonging to 8 families from 4 orders of the class Insecta were found. The most numerous in the agrocenosis of the pea field were predatory beetles from the family Coccinellidae, the share of which Carabidae was 24 and 32.2% of the total number of entomophages, respectively. Parasitic Hymenoptera hymenoptera made up 28.7% They are representatives of the families ichneumonids, braconids, aphidiids. Biocenotic ratios "entomophage: phytophage" in the phase of bean formation indicate the asynchrony of the dynamics of the development of beneficial and harmful fauna, which reduces the effectiveness of natural biological control. The most optimal ratio was recorded for turuns, however, it did not guarantee stable biological containment. The results of the research confirm the feasibility of implementing elements of integrated plant protection, focused on biological pest control and selective use of pesticides to maintain ecological balance in agrocenoses. It has been established that predatory and parasitic insects play an important role in the biological regulation of the number of phytophages. However, it has been determined that with the existing number of entomophages, the ratio "predator:prey" is insufficient to effectively restrain the reproduction of phytophages to a level below the economic threshold of harm (ETD).

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