Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Ihor Didur,  Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Acting the director of the Institute of Agricultural Technologies and Nature Management of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: e-mail: ascience@ukr.net; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-6592).

Tetiana Aralova,  PhD in Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Protection, Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnology and Environmental Management, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, 1 Soniachna Str., Vinnytsia, Ukraine; e-mail: aralova.t@ukr.net; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9013-3979).

The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of tomato growing technologies using different methods of obtaining seedlings in the greenhouse conditions of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. The aim of the work was to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the feasibility of tomato growing technologies, taking into account plant productivity and their marketability. The research was conducted during 2024–2025 on the basis of the greenhouse of the Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnology and Environmental Management. The experimental design involved comparing two options: non-transshipment and transshipment. The experiment was conducted with three repetitions, and the placement of options was randomized. For growing seedlings, a peat substrate «Jifi» with optimized physicochemical indicators, including an adjustable pH level and nutrient content, was used. Seed sowing was carried out semi-automatically, observing the recommended density. During the growing period, optimal conditions of temperature, air humidity and substrate were maintained in accordance with the biological needs of the crop. Watering and fertilizing were carried out according to standard recommendations for greenhouse vegetable growing. During the research, biometric indicators of plants were recorded, tomato yield was determined and their marketability was assessed. The obtained experimental data were processed using mathematical statistics methods with the determination of average values and variation indicators. The research results showed a significant impact of the method of growing seedlings on the formation of yield. Plants without transshipment yielded 80.08 t/ha in 2024 and 85.41 t/ha in 2025 (average 84.25 t/ha). With the transshipment method, the corresponding indicators were 89.09 t/ha and 95.65 t/ha (average 92.37 t/ha). This indicates that transshipment contributes to increasing plant productivity and forms a larger gross harvest. Analysis of the commercial characteristics of fruits showed that the transshipment method improves product quality: the share of marketable fruits increases to 87% compared to 78% in the non-transshipment method, and substandard fruits decrease from 22% to 13%. The average fruit weight increases from 84g to 96g, the dry matter content reaches 5.7 Bx, and the share of fruits with a cuboid-round shape is 92% compared to 85% in the control. For cherry tomatoes, the weight of fruits from one plant with the transshipment method increases to 580 g compared to 480 g in the non-transshipment method, the average fruit weight increases from 20 g to 25 g, and the number of fruits on the plant practically does not change – 24-25 fruits. This indicates the preservation of plant productivity with an increase in fruit weight and improvement in crop marketability. The results obtained confirm that the transshipment method of growing tomato seedlings F1 1015 increases both quantitative and qualitative yield indicators, contributes to increasing the marketability of products and the economic efficiency of cultivation in greenhouse conditions.

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