Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Tsyhanska Olena – candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor of the department of forestry and landscape management of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: lenkatsiganskaya@gmail.com).

Pantsyreva Hanna candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor of the department of forestry and landscape management of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: apantsyreva@ukr.net).

Mashenko Vitalii - post graduate student of the department of forestry and landscape management of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

According to the results of the research, the peculiarities of the influence of soybean cultivation technology on the processes of biological nitrogen accumulation were established and determined. In particular, according to the results of our research, it was found that the highest amount of biological nitrogen in the atmosphere of soybean plants, the Diadema Podillya variety 138.9 kg/ha and the Azimut variety 154.6 kg/ha on average over the years of research, was recorded in the experimental variants with the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of P60K60 and pre-sowing treatment of seed material with the preparations Organic Balance Mono Phosphorus (1.5 l/t) + Melanoriz (2.0 l/t) + Anderiz (3.0 l/t), which is 74.4 and 75.0 kg/ha more than the control, respectively. The application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of P60K60 contributed to the maximum level of biological nitrogen accumulation, which exceeded the control variants by an average of 28.4 - 42.3 kg/ha, depending on the variety. The application of nitrogen (N30) together with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers negatively affected the biological fixation of nitrogen, while the level of its accumulation was 18.0 - 18.4 kg/ha higher compared to the control. It was also found that the greatest increase in the level of biological nitrogen accumulation in the Diadema Podillya variety (28.0 - 32.1 kg/ha) and in the Azimut variety (28.3 - 46.6 kg/ha) was ensured by the complex use of seed treatment with Organic Balance Mono Phosphorus (1.5 l/t) + Melanoriz (2.0 l/t) + Anderiz (3.0 l/t). It was found that the Diadema Podillya soybean variety accumulated slightly less plant residues in absolutely dry matter compared to the Azimut variety. When applying fertilizers at a dose of P60K60, the amount of accumulated root residues increased to 1.59 t/ha in the Diadema Podillya variety. Under conditions of mineral nutrition at a dose of N30P60K60, an increase in root residues was observed to 1.63 t/ha. The same trend was observed in the accumulation of surface plant residues in this variety. The maximum amount of both root and surface plant residues was recorded in the experimental variant where mineral fertilizers were applied at a dose of N30P60K60 and the biological preparations Organic Balance Mono Phosphorus (1.5 l/t) + Melanoriz (2.0 l/t) + Anderiz (3.0 l/t) were used for seed treatment in the Diadema Podillya variety. The maximum amount of both surface and root plant residues (2.86 t/ha) in the Azimut variety was noted in the experiment variant where mineral fertilizers were applied at a dose of N30P60K60 and pre-sowing seed treatment was performed with biological preparations Organic Balance Mono Phosphorus (1.5 l/t) + Melanoriz (2.0 l/t) + Anderiz (3.0 l/t). The obtained results of research on the amount of accumulation of biological nitrogen in the soil and the accumulation of plant residues in the 0-30 cm layer of the soil by sowing soybean varieties indicate the importance of using crops in crop rotations in order to restore soil fertility and enrich it with organic residues.

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