Agriculture and forestry

Hetman Nadiia Yakivna – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Production and horticulture (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St. 3).

Zaiets Serhii Oleksandrovich – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Climate-Oriented Technologies, Institute of Climate-Oriented Agriculture, NAAS (67667, Khlibodarske village, Odesa region, Ukraine, e-mail: szaiets58@gmail.com).

Vasylenko Ruslan Mukolayevich – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher, Doctoral Student of the Department of Climate-Oriented Technologies, Institute of Climate-Oriented Agriculture, NAAS (67667, Khlibodarske village, Odesa district, Odesa region, Ukraine e-mail: ruslan-18a@ukr.net).

The article addresses the critical issue of supplying the livestock industry with high-protein feeds, as their share in total production reaches 55–60%. When cultivating forage crops in the southern regions of Ukraine, attention is given to crops that utilize autumn-winter stocks of productive moisture. It was established that the creation of forage agrocenoses involving triticale, rapeseed, and pea ensures obtaining full-value feed in terms of feed units and digestible protein yield per hectare. The highest dry matter yield, averaged over three years, was achieved at a component ratio of 50/75% — 7.8–10.6 t/ha, which is 7% higher than the mixture with rapeseed treated with Plantafol 30.10.10. The dry matter increase with the application of N30+30 and N30+Plantafol 30.10.10, compared to the N30 background, in the triticale-pea mixture was 1.1–1.9 and 1.6–2.4 t/ha respectively, and in the triticale-rapeseed mixture — 1.3–2.1 and 1.7–2.2 t/ha. It should be noted that in these agrocenoses, regarding dry matter yield, fertilization at the rate of N30+30 was inferior to the application of the N30+Plantafol 30.10.10 composition by 5.4–10.4% in the triticale-pea mixture and up to 5.3% in the triticale-rapeseed mixture. It was found that the establishment of winter forage agrocenoses involving triticale, rapeseed, and pea not only ensures high yields of forage mass but also provides full-value feed, including feed units and digestible protein yield per hectare. The standard moisture content of feed (silage) at 45–55% corresponded to the triticale-pea mixture variant. Under these conditions, the best active acidity indicators were observed at the component ratio of 50/75% (pH = 5.6). At this ratio, the highest content of feed units (0.77) and digestible protein (44.8 g/kg of feed) was noted. Thus, the highest digestible protein yield (1.1 t/ha) per hectare was provided by the mixture of winter triticale with Pannonian pea at the 50/75% component ratio under the use of N30+Plantafol 30.10.10. The feed unit provision by digestible protein amounted to 134.3 g.

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