Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Halina Hutsol – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Soniachna Street, e-mail: gucolg@ukr.net). ORCID: 0000-0001-6327-6555.

Olha Mazur – PhD in Agronomy, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, str. Sonyachna, 3, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008 (mad12olya@gmail.com) ORCID: 0000-0002-1763-7548.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study on the toxicological and microbiological indicators of beekeeping products ‒ in particular, bee pollen and propolis ‒ collected from private apiaries in the Vinnytsia region of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to assess the safety and quality of protein-based bee products for their potential application in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and veterinary sectors. According to the results of laboratory analyses, the content of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, copper, and zinc) in most of the studied samples did not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations established by current Ukrainian and international safety standards. However, certain bee pollen samples failed to meet microbiological safety criteria due to excessive levels of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, which may indicate contamination during collection, transportation, or storage of the products. These findings highlight the need for adherence to proper hygiene conditions and the implementation of regular quality control measures at all stages of production. A separate section of the study was devoted to examining the effect of liming acidic soils on the accumulation of radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr) in protein-rich apicultural products formed from the pollen of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The study confirmed that the applied agrochemical measure ‒ soil liming ‒ is effective in reducing the bioaccumulation of radionuclides in bee products and contributes to increased yields and productivity of apicultural resources. The presented results are of significant practical value for ensuring the environmental safety of bee products and enhancing consumer trust. They can also serve as a scientific basis for the development of recommendations regarding safe and sustainable beekeeping practices in regions affected by man-made or radiological pollution and requiring ecological restoration.

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