Agriculture and forestry

Palazyuk Bohdan Oleksandrovych, PhD candidate, head of the educational and scientific laboratory of protected soil technologies, (Poltava State Agrarian University, 1/3 Skovorody St., Poltava, 36003, Ukraine, e-mail: bohdan.palaziuk@pdau.edu.ua, https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4525-5826).

Yurchenko Svitlana Oleksandrivna, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Breeding, Seed Production and Genetics, (Poltava State Agrarian University, 1/3 Skovorody St., Poltava, 36003, Ukraine, e-mail: svitlana.iurchenko@pdau.edu.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5812-3877).

The article presents the results of a three-year study aimed at determining the effect of rhizobacteria-based biostimulants on the formation of grain quality indicators in soft winter wheat. The research was carried out on three cultivars: Manzhelia, Bohdana and Altigo, under the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The agroclimatic conditions of the study period and the agrochemical characteristics of the soil are described. The effectiveness of four biopreparations differing in their composition is evaluated. It was established that the application of bacterial preparations at the spring tillering stage  (BBCH 22) contributed to an increase in test weight, grain protein content and wet gluten content compared with the control within the studied cultivars. Satisfactory results were obtained in increasing test weight by 5–9 g/L, protein content by 0.2–0.4%, and wet gluten content by 0.4–0.7%. According to the results of multifactor ANOVA, the important role of the cultivar factor was determined, and an interaction between the climatic conditions of the year and the cultivar was established, indicating the genotypic response to weather conditions.  Correlation and regression models were constructed, confirming the presence of an inverse relationship between key quality parameters and yield. At the same time, partial mitigation of this relationship due to the action of the biopreparations was recorded. The generalization of the data made it possible to identify several stable trends that confirm the consistency of the crop response to the applied biopreparations. The identified effect indicates their potential to increase crop adaptability to variable weather conditions, which is important under current climatic fluctuations. The obtained results confirm the feasibility of using rhizobacteria-based biopreparations as a means of maintaining key grain quality indicators of wheat under variable agroclimatic conditions and cultivar characteristics. The research data may serve as a basis for improving adaptive cultivation technologies and as a component of biologized fertilization systems.

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