Agriculture and forestry

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of of Plant Production, Selection and Bioenergetic Cultures of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, e–mail: tsiganskiyslava@gmail.com).

Televatyuk Bohdan – graduate student of the Department of Agriculture, Soil Science and Agrochemistry of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, e–mail: televatyk.b@gmail.com).

Bandrovsky Dmytro – postgraduate student of the Department of Forestry and Horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonyachna St. 3).

Mykhailiuk Oleksandr - graduate student of the Department of Plant Production and horticulture of VNAU (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna St.).

The purpose of the study was to establish a connection between the indicators of the qualitative chemical composition of corn hybrids of different maturity groups and the elements of its cultivation technology that were put to study, namely the combined use of mineral and biological fertilizers at different plant densities in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe. Along with the increase in corn yield, an important role is also played by improving grain quality. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the directions of its use and modern quality assessment standards defined by DSTU and other regulatory documents. Corn grain is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fats and minerals. The largest share among the components is occupied by carbohydrates, which can make up to 80% of the grain composition. The main ones are starch, sugars, fiber, hemicellulose and pentosans. In cases where grain is used for human nutrition or animal feeding, starch is the main source of energy. In our experiments, in addition to the yield of corn hybrids, we also evaluated the quality of the resulting products. A three-factor field experiment was conducted during 2021-2023 on the experimental field of the Agronomichne Scientific Research Farm of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, with a four-fold repetition in the experiment. The placement of variants was systematic. The area of the registered experimental plot was 46 m2, the total area was 62 m2. The research was conducted on gray forest soils. It was found that the combined application of mineral and biological fertilizers contributed to a decrease in the starch content in the grain of the studied corn hybrids and increased the crude protein content. Increasing the plant density of the studied corn hybrids from 65 thousand/ha to 70 thousand/ha provided an increase in the starch content in the grain by 0.25% - 0.47% in the P8834 hybrid and by 0.15% - 0.54% in the P9074 hybrid, depending on the level of fertilization, while the increase in starch yield per unit area was, respectively, 0.42 t/ha - 0.46 t/ha and 0.43 t/ha - 0.49 t/ha.

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