Agriculture and forestry

Bilyavska L.G., Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Breeding, Seed Production and Genetics of the Poltava State Agrarian University

Logvinenko V.V., holder of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in specialty 201 Agronomy of the Poltava State Agrarian University.

Prohvatilo M.M., graduate of Master's degree from Poltava State Agrarian University.

Bilyavskyi Yu.V., candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher of the Poltava State Agrarian University.

The relevance of the research is due to the widespread distribution of the common spider mite in soybean seed crops in the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. About 60% of all soybean agrocenoses are concentrated in the forest-steppe zone of the country. The use of high-quality seeds makes it possible to more fully realize the potential of a variety with the appropriate varietal and sowing qualities. During the reproduction of varieties, they may lose their varietal qualities due to damage to plants by spider mites (10–50%). It was established that mass colonization of crops by insects was observed in 2024, a dry year: the Adamos variety – 16-18 specimens/leaf and the Mentor variety – 15-19 specimens/leaf. The mid-season Mentor variety was more heavily infested. A study of promising acaricides on seed soybean crops showed that on the 7th day after treatment, the most effective acaricides were Aktarofit K and Blaster, with 70% mite mortality, respectively. On day 14, the maximum mite mortality was observed with the use of Vertimec 018 EC, k.e. and Sintak, with 94% and 91% mortality, respectively. On average, the percentage of mite mortality (on the 14th day) ranged from 81% to 94%. The average yield of Adamos soybean seeds over the years of research was 3.56 t/ha, and that of Mentor seeds was 3.6 t/ha. Conclusions. It has been proven that the yield of cultivated soybean seed crops is influenced by the combined effect of two factors: drought during the growing season and active colonization of crops by common spider mites. The colonization of plants by spider mites was at its highest in 2024. A comparison of the effectiveness of insectoacaricides revealed the following: on day 7, the mortality of mites from the preparations Aktarofit K and Blaster, z.p., was 70%. On day 14, the maximum mite mortality was observed with the use of Vertimek 018 EC, k.e. and Sintak, 94% and 91%, respectively. Thus, in modern climatic conditions, it is necessary to constantly monitor the spread of common spider mites, control their density, and make timely decisions on the protection of seed crops and the effective use of selected insectoacaricides. 

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