Agriculture and forestry

Soroka Serhiy Yuriyovych is a postgraduate student at the Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection of the Vinnytsia National Academy of Sciences (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna St.). 

As a result of the conducted research, practical measures were developed to form the optimal plant density and the joint application of herbicides to increase the efficiency of controlling the weediness of corn crops to realize the maximum genetic potential of hybrids. The increase in the density of plants to 85 thousand/ha provides a slight decrease in the number and masses of weeds, as for the period of closing of leaves in the rows, flowering of Valti and harvesting corn. In particular, 1.3 pcs/m² of specimens of quinoa with a white mass of 6.4 g/m² were noted. The clogging of crops by pilot was 1.5 pcs/m² of specimens weighing 4.0 g/m², and cereals - 2.1 pcs/m² with a weight of 6.0 g/m², respectively. Our studies also have the effect of herbicides on the weediness of corn crops and as a consequence on the synchrony of flowering of male and female inflorescences of corn hybrids by improving water, light and nutritious regimes. The smallest weed mass was noted on the experiment, which was compatible, both the pre -trial herbicide of the Primxtr TZ Gold, and the post -emergence herbicide Elumis - 0.10 t/ha, this became possible due to the synergetic action on the cereal and dicaloric weeds. In this embodiment, the experiment showed the smallest difference between the number of plants with flowering lips and flowering cobs and was 2 thousand/ha, or 2.9%, respectively. That is, this version shows the best water and light grant light mode, due to fewer weeds. Like the highest linear plants height - 239 cm, the area of the leaf surface is 4621 cm², the length of the cob is 17.3 cm, the number of grains per rob - 641 pcs, the weight of 1000 grains - 241.6 g and yield - 7.5 t/ha.

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3. Zaxarchenko E.A., Daczko O.M. (2018). Vmist legkogidrolizovanogo azotu ta strukturnist` g`runtu za rizny`x sposobiv osnovnogo obrobitku g`runtu [Content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen and soil structure under different methods of basic soil cultivation]. Visnyk Sumskogo nacionalnogo agrarnogo universytetu. Seriya: Agronomiya i biologiya − Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. Series: Agronomy and Biology. № 9 (36). 119–124. [in Ukrainian].

4. Wang S. (2019). Eect of subsoiling depth on soil physical properties and summer maize (Zea mays L.) yield. Plant, Soil and Environment. Vol. 65. P. 131–137. URL: https://doi.org/10.17221/703/2018-PSE. [in English].

5. Bahatchenko V.V., Tahantsova M.M., Stefkivska Y.L. (2018). Vplyv gustoty stoyannya roslyn kukurudzy na nasinnyevu produktyvnist batkivskyx komponentiv gibrydiv Zea mays L. [The influence of corn plant density on the seed productivity of parental components of Zea mays L. hybrids]. Scientific papers of the Institute of Bioenergy Crops and Sugar Beet − Naukovi praci Insty`tutu bioenergetychnyx kultur i czukrovyx buryakiv. № 26, 56–66. DOI:10.47414/np.26.2018.211195. [in Ukrainian].

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9. Pashhenko Yu.M., Borysov V.M., Shyshkina O.Yu. (2009). Adaptyvni i resursozberezhni texnologiyi vyroshhuvannya gibrydiv kukurudzy: monografiya  [Adaptive and resource-saving technologies for growing corn hybrids: monograph]. Dnipropetrovsk:ART–PRES. [in Ukrainian].

10. Matyuxa L.P., Shevchenko M.S., Tkalich Yu.I., Shevchenko O.M., Matyuxa V.L. (2010). Vplyv zaburyanenosti posiviv na produktyvnist i vrozhajnist kukurudzy. The influence of weed infestation on corn productivity and yield. Bulletin of the Institute of Grain Economy− Byuleten Instytutu zernovogo gospodarstva. Issue. 39. 131–136. [in Ukrainian].

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12. Bogomaz S.O. (2024). Vyvchennya vplyvu gustoty roslyn i udobrennya na urozhajnist gibrydiv kukurudzy [Study of the influence of plant density and fertilization on the yield of corn hybrids]. Silske gospodarstvo ta lisivnycztvo − Agriculture and forestry. № 4 (23). 209–220. DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2024-2-17. [in Ukrainian].