Agriculture and forestry

Tsytsiura Yaroslav Grigoryevich, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences (PhD), Associate Professor of the Department of Soilseed Management, Soilseed Science and Agrochemistry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Address: 21008, Vinnytsia town, Solnechnaya st., build 5/42, e-mail: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net).

Over a three-year research cycle, the effectiveness of using single-component and multi-component green manure was assessed using cruciferous plant species in the cultivation of two highly intensive soybean varieties. The green manure potential was determined in the summer intermediate green manure variant on podzolized chernozems under conditions of unstable moisture for such species as white mustard, oil radish, and spring turnip rape, both in the single-species application variant and in the multi-species technology variant with a selected ratio of components.A comprehensive assessment of the impact of green manure crops was carried out from the point of view of their agrochemical potential as a source of essential macronutrients and a component of active influence on the soil profile due to the biofumigation effect characteristic of cruciferous plant species. The average annual potential of green manure biomass of the applied plant species was formed as an alternative option for bioorganic fertilization for their use in fertilization systems for agricultural crops and soybeans in particular. The levels of interannual variability of the main parameters of the green manure potential of different types of green manure and their sensitivity in terms of the hydrothermal conditions of the territory have been determined, which made it possible to assess the potential for their use in bioorganic fertilization options. The influence of the studied variants of green manure on the level of weed infestation of soybean agrocenoses in terms of different biological groups of weeds, and comprehensive conclusions were made regarding the effective possibility of using green manure to reduce soil degradation and the associated reduction in herbicide load on soils and increase the potential for obtaining products of higher organic status, which is important for soybeans given the versatility of its grain, including as a food ingredient. The effectiveness of multi-species green manure options was assessed in terms of maximizing the yield of the soybean varieties studied, with an increase of 15.87% over the background control in the mineral nutrition option used at the enterprise. The feasibility of green manure for soybean cultivation was determined and justified, and prospects for further research on green manure technologies for soybean cultivation in conditions of unstable soil moisture were formulated.

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