Agriculture and forestry

Kolisnyk Oleg − Сandidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St. 3, e-mail: ooov@i.ua).

Yakovets Liudmyla − Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of botany, genetics and plant protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St. 3, e-mail: ludmila28334@gmail.com).

Solomon Alla − candidate of technical sciences, associate professor of the Department of Food Technologies and Microbiology Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St. 3, e-mail: Soloalla78@ukr.net).

The article presents the results of studying the influence of microelements in top dressing in different phases on yield and resistance to stem borer. The research was conducted during 2023-2024 in the conditions of LLC "Organic-D" on gray forest soils, light loamy mechanical composition. It was established that the use of foliar top dressing significantly affects the productivity of corn hybrids, morphological characteristics of corn plants, immunological state and productivity of the studied hybrids. In addition, no dependence was established between the introduction of microelements in top dressing in the phase of 5-7 and 10-12 leaves of corn and the starch content. This indicator depended to a greater extent on the individual characteristics of the hybrid and the weather and climatic features of a particular year of research. The duration of the growing season is one of the most valuable characteristics of corn hybrids, which allows for the effective use of the agroclimatic potential of the territory and determines the possibility of growing hybrids in different soil and climatic zones. Corn hybrids differed significantly in the duration of the growing season. Thus, in particular, in the group of early-ripening hybrids it was 115-116 days, in the group of medium-early - 121-126 days, and medium-ripening - 136-141 days. The use of microfertilizers Rosalik and Black Jack contributes to the extension of the growing season by 1-3 days compared to the control options without foliar feeding. The use of foliar feeding with microfertilizers Rosalik and Black Jack contributes to the reduction of the number of plants damaged by the stem corn borer and increased resistance to stem lodging. In the control, the yield of hybrids of the early ripening group was at the level of DKC 3247 - 5.17 t/ha and DKC 3805 - 6.31 t/ha, of the medium-early group - DKC 3402 - 8.53 t/ha and DKC 3796 - 7.92 t/ha, and of the medium-ripening group DKC 3969 - 8.64 t/ha and DKC 3972 - 8.81 t/ha. That is, with an increase in the duration of the growing season, the grain productivity of the studied hybrids also increased. The use of foliar feeding allows you to significantly increase the level of productivity of corn hybrids of different ripening groups and does not affect the starch content, but the increase in yield affects the overall starch yield.

1. Palamarchuk V.D., Didur I.M., Kolisnyk O.M., Alyeksyeyev O.O. (2020). Aspekty suchasnoyi tekhnolohiyi vyroshchuvannya vysokokrokhmalʹnoyi kukurudzy v umovakh Lisostepu Pravoberezhnoho: monohrafiya [Aspects of modern technology for growing high-starch corn in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe]. Vinnytsia: Druk. [in Ukrainian].

2. Dzyubetskyy B.V. (2024). Kukurudza: tekhnolohiyi, nasinnytstvo, ekonomika: monohrafiya [Corn: technologies, seed production, economics]. Kyyiv: ahrarna nauka. [in Ukrainian].

3. Volkodav V.V. (2001). Metodyka derzhavnoho sortovyprobuvannya silskohospodarskykh kultur [Methodology of state variety testing of agricultural crops]. K.: Derzhavna komisiyi Ukrayiny po vyprobuvannyu ta okhoroni sortiv roslyn. [in Ukrainian].

4. Palamarchuk V.D., Doronin V.A., Kolisnyk O.M., Alyeksyeyev O.O. (2022). Osnovy nasinnyeznavstva (teoriya, metodolohiya, praktyka): monohrafiya [Fundamentals of Seed Science (Theory, Methodology, Practice)]. Vinnytsya: TOV Druk. [in Ukrainian].

5. Kolisnyk O.M., Khodanitska O.O., Butenko A.O., Lebedieva N.A., Yakovets L.A., Tkachenko O.M., Ihnatieva O.L., Kurinnyi O.V. (2020). Influence of foliar feeding on the grain productivity of corn hybrids in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. Ukrainian Journalof Ecology. № 10 (2). P. 40−44. [in English].

6. Palamarchuk V.D., Klymchuk O.V., Polishchuk I.S., Kolisnyk O.M. (2010). Ekoloho-biolohichni ta tekhnolohichni pryntsypy vyroshchuvannya polovykh kultur: Navchalnyy posibnyk [Ecological, biological and technological principles of growing field crops]. Vinnytsya. [in Ukrainian].

7. Ivanov M.I., Rutkevych V.S, Kolisnyk O.M., Lisovoy I.O. (2019). Research of the influence of the parameters of the block-portion separator on the adjustment range of speed of operating elements. INMATEH – Agricultural Engineering. Vol. 57/1. P. 37−44. [in English].

8. Palamarchuk V.D., Klymchuk O.V., Polishchuk I.S., Kolisnyk O.M., Borivskyy A.F. (2010). Ekoloho-biolohichni ta tekhnolohichni pryntsypy vyroshchuvannya polovykh kultur: Navchalnyy posibnyk [Ecological, biological and technological principles of growing field crops]. Vinnytsya. [in Ukrainian].

9. Kolisnyk O.M., Kolisnyk O.O., Vatamaniuk O.V., Butenko A.O., Onychko V.I., Onychko T.O., Dubovyk V.I., Radchenko M.V., Ihnatieva O.L., Cherkasova T.A. (2020). Analysis of strategies for combining productivity with disease and pest resistance in the genotype of base breeding lines of corn in the system of diallele crosses. Modern Phytomorphology. № 14. P. 49−55. [in English].

10. Kolisnyk O.M., Onopriienko V.P., Onopriienko I.M., Kandyba N.M., Khomenko L.M., Kyrychenko T.O., Tymchuk D.S., Tymchuk N.F., Terokhina N.O. (2020). Study of correlations between yield inheritance and resistance of corn self-pollinating lines and hybrids to pathogens. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology. № 10 (1) 2. P. 220-225. [in English].

11. Kolisnyk O., Yakovets L., Amons S., Butenko A., Onychko V., Tykhonova O., Hotvianska A., Kravchenko N., Vereshchahin I.,Yatsenko V. (2024). Simulation of High–Product Soy Crops Based on the Application of Foliar Fertilization in the Conditions of the Right Bank of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine. Ecological Engineering and Environmental Technology. Vol. 25, Issue 7. P. 234−243. [in English].

12. Lys N., Kolisnyk O., Klymchuk O., Verheles P., Tkachuk N., Sakhoshko M., Rozhko V., Karpenko O., Kriuchko L., Bordun R., Vandy M. (2024). Economic and energy assessment of willow and poplar cultivation depending on the density of the plantation and the nutritional background. Modern Phytomorphology. № 18. P. 130-137. [in English].

13. Zakharchenko E., Sobko M., Kolisnyk O., Medvid S., Kriuchko L., Aralova T., Mostovenko V., Badzym R., Hordiienko V., Mikitchenko S. (2024). Weed infestation of corn in organic crop rotation in the North Eastern forest steppe of Ukraine. Modern Phytomorphology. № 18. Р. 224−227. [in English].

14. Sobko M., Zakharchenko E., Kolisnyk O., Medvid S., Kysylchuk A., Krokhin S., Rudska N., Amons S., Omelianenko O., Bondarets R., Surzhykov M. (2025). Yield and energy efficiency of sunflower cultivation under different primary soil tillage methods. Modern Phytomorphology. № 19. Р. 200−204. [in English].

15. Palamarchuk V.D., Kolisnyk O.M. (2022). Suchasna tekhnolohiya vyroshchuvannya kukurudzy dlya enerhoefektyvnoho ta ekolohobezpechnoho rozvytku silʹsʹkykh terytoriy: monohrafiya [Modern technology of corn cultivation for energy-efficient and environmentally safe development of rural areas]. Vinnytsya: TOV «Druk-Plyus». [in Ukrainian].