Agriculture and forestry

Palamarchuk Inna Ivanivna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str.3, e-mail: pal_inna@vsau.vin.ua).

Chepernaty Yevhen Volodymyrovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, senior lecturer of the Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str.3, e-mail: chepernatiy@vsau.vin.ua).

Tysiachny Oleg Petrovych – PhD of Agricultural Sciences, senior lecturer of the Department of Forestry, Landscape Gardening, Horticulture and Viticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str.3, e-mail: tysychnyy77@ukr.net).

The analysis of studies on the study of the characteristics of the formation of the yield of large-fruited garden strawberries depending on varietal characteristics is presented. The passage of phenological phases of growth and development of strawberry varieties, biometric indicators of plants and products are highlighted. It was established that under the same conditions, the growth of the first leaf was noted earlier in the Rumba and Clary varieties, which is later than the control variety by 1 and 4 days, respectively. The growth of the first peduncle of the Clary variety was recorded on 5.04., and the growth of creeping shoots (whiskers) on 22.05., which is later than the control variety and the Honey variety by 8 days. In the Rumba variety, the flowering phase began on 31.04., and ended on 20.05. The Clary variety was distinguished by the latest terms of the passage of these phenophases – 4.05 beginning of flowering, 23.05 end. In the control variety Olvia, the beginning and of ripening occurred earlier than other varieties. The beginning of ripening of the fruits of this variety was recorded on 19.05., and occurred within 25 days. The Clary variety was characterized by the shortest duration of the fruiting period – 18 days. Previously, the beginning of ripening of garden strawberries was recorded in the Olvia variety – 19.05, which is 2-10 days earlier than the studied assortment. The latest this phase was noted in the Clary variety – 29.05, which indicates a later ripening period of the berries. The end of ripening of large-fruited garden strawberries was recorded the latest in the Rumba variety – 21.06, which is 8 days later than the control (Olvia variety), therefore, fruiting in this studied variety lasted the longest – 26 days. The average fruit weight at the first harvest of the Rumba variety was 34.3 g, which was 5.7 g more than the control variety. The varieties Honey and Clary had a greater weight than the control variety Olvia by 1.5 and 2.8 g, respectively. The average weight of its fruits across all harvests was 15.1 g. The varieties Honey and Clary had an average weight across all harvests of 16.5 and 17.6 grams. The largest average fruit weight across harvests was recorded for the Rumba variety – 22.3 g, which characterized its varietal feature as a large-fruited variety. The ability of the Rumba variety to form a larger leaf surface area – 17.7 m2/ha, positively affected the ability of this variety to form larger fruits. The formation of a leaf surface area of 16.1 and 16.3 thousand was recorded for the varieties Honey and Clary. m2/ha, which exceeded the indicators of the control variant by 0.8-1.0 g, respectively. The Clery variety formed a greater number of cones – 9.7 pcs/bush, and a greater number of peduncles – 5.9 pcs/bush, which exceeded the control variant and by 1.5 and 1.1 pcs/bush, respectively. In the Rumba variety, 1.1 pcs/bush less number of cones and 1 pc/bush less number of peduncles were recorded than in the Clery variety. The Rumba variety turned out to be the most productive and, accordingly, with a higher indicator of product marketability – 83.7 %. Its yield was – 24.5 t/ha, which exceeded the indicator of the control variety Olvia by 15.9 t/ha. The second variety in terms of yield was the Clery variety – 18.4 t/ha with a marketability of 82.3 %. These productivity indicators of the variety are higher than those of the Honey variety by 6.8 t/ha, and compared to the Olvia variety (control) by 9.8 t/ha. The yield of marketable products of the Clery and Honey varieties was 82.3 and 81.4 %, respectively.

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