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Agriculture and forestry

space SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS OF VINNITSA NATIONAL AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY

Issue №: 4 (23)

Published: 2021.12.26
DOI: DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2021-4


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Випуск журнала присвячено вивченню оптимізації технологічних прийомів вирощування сільськогосподарських культур. Особливу роль відведено впливу бобових культур на покращення родючості грунту, а також удосконалення технології вирощування соняшника, як високорентабельної культури, особливостей вирощування овочевих культур, екології та охорони навколишнього середовища, методам боротьби із шкодочинними об'єктами, інтродукції декоративних рослин.

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THE INFLUENCE OF THE MAIN TILLAGE SYSTEM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS

DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2021-4-3
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Palamarchuk Vitalii Dmytrovych – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of plant production, selection and bioenergetic cultures Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonyachna st., 3 email: vd-palamarchuk@ukr.net).

Pidlubnyi Vladyslav Fyodorovych – Assistant of the Department of Computer Science and Economic Cybernetics, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street, email: vladpodlubny@gmail.com).

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The article highlights the solution of important scientific issues - increasing the yield of sunflower hybrids by applying the optimal system of basic tillage in the context of global climate change. The research was carried out in 2021 in the experimental field of VNAU on the basis of NDG "Agronomichne", which is located in the village of Agronomichne, Vinnytsia region. We studied three methods of basic tillage for sunflower crops - plowing to a depth of 23-25 cm (control), mouldboardless loosening - deep cultivator to a depth of 14-16 cm and surface disk tillage to a depth of 10-12 cm in the cultivation of sunflower hybrids of different maturity groups SI Arco, Alcantara and NC Brio). The best conditions for growth and development of sunflower plants were created in the variant where the mouldboard tillage was carried out with a plow PLN-3-35 to a depth of 23-25 cm and the whole period the cultivated plants were without competition from weeds for life factors - SI Arko - 143 cm, Alcantara - 158 cm and NC Brio - 177 cm. It should also be noted the increase in the height of sunflower plants with the extension of the growing season. The height of plants in the early-ripening hybrid of sunflower SI Arco in 2021 ranged from 122-143 cm, middle-early Alcantara - 142-158 cm and medium-ripe NK Brio - 160-177 cm, i.e. was the highest. Shallow and surface tillage with disc implements increases vegetative weeds by 2.3 and 2.8 times, respectively. The implementation of protective mechanized measures for sunflower sowing against weeds has contributed to a significant reduction in their number. Thus, in the control variant with shelf plowing with PLN-3-35 plow to a depth of 23-25 cm in the flowering phase of the basket, it was in the hybrid of sunflower SI Arco - 28 pcs. / m2, Alcantara - 45 pcs. / m2 and NK Brio - 25 pcs. ./m2, on the version with shelf-free loosening with a deep ripper "Bravo Till" to a depth of 14-16 cm - 75 pcs./ m2, 83 and 78 pcs./ m2, and with surface disk tillage harrow BDT-7 to a depth of 10-12 cm were the highest - 127 units / m2, 134 and 119 units / m2. Against the background of plowing, their number decreased by 31.2-42.8%. Carrying out mechanical measures (one before ladder and one after ladder harrowing, as well as inter-row loosening in the phase of 5-6 leaves of sunflower) protection of sunflower against the background of plowing helped to reduce weeds by 21.0-33.6%. At the end, plowing yield of sunflower seeds was higher (by 0.21-0.74 t / ha). The value of oil content when using mouldboard plowing was the highest and was in SI Arco - 46.4%, Alcantara - 47.2% and NC Brio - 47.4%.

Keywords: sunflower, oil, mouldboard tillage, surface tillage, disking, yield, yield structure, plant height.

List of references

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2.Orlov O. (2020). Top chynnykiv, yaki limituiut vrozhainist soniashnyku [Top factors that limit the yield of sunflower]. Ahronom – Agronomist. 2 (68). 112-116 [in Ukrainian].

3.Palamarchuk V.D. (2020). Pozakorenevi pidzhyvlennia u suchasnykh tekhnolohiiakh vyroshchuvannia hibrydiv soniashnyku [Foliar feeding in modern technologies for growing sunflower hybrids]. Ahrobiolohiia – Agrobiology. Issue.1 (157). 137-144. [in Ukrainian].

4.Vozhehova R.A., Maliarchuk V.M. (2012). Efektyvnist suchasnykh tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia soniashnyku za riznykh umov zvolozhennia ta sposobiv i hlybyny osnovnoho obrobitku gruntu na pivdni Ukrainy [Efficiency of modern technologies of sunflower cultivation under different conditions of moistening and methods and depth of the main tillage in the south of Ukraine]. Zroshuvane zemlerobstvo – Irrigated agriculture. Issue. 58. 40-41. [in Ukrainian].

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About journal

Topics of the journal:

Topics of the Journal:

Program goals (basic principles): questions of technology and efficiency of crop production, scientific and industrial aspects of agronomic specialties, ecology and forestry.

Articles on such scientific problems are accepted for printing:

Plant production, current state and prospects for development.

Agrochemistry and modern aspects of fertilizers and biologically active substances application.

Feed production, current state and prospects for development.

Selection, seed production, seed science and varieties.

Protection of plants.

Soil managment and soil quality improvement.

Forestry and gardening.

Vegetables and mushrooms, current status and development trends.

Ecology and environmental protection.

Theory and history of agricultural sciences and forestry.

Modern directions of development of arable land and forestry.

Innovative and investment activities in agriculture and forestry.

Directions and efficiency of crop production

Bioenergy resources of crop production and forestry.

Production of renewable energy from biological resources.

Organic farming, the main area of development and production of organic products.

Agriculture and modern crop rotation and soil cultivation.

Horticulture and viticulture.

Processing and storage of crop products.

Beekeeping, current status and development trends.

Contemporary biological research in crop production and forestry.

Progressive technologies of the agricultural complex.

Psychological and pedagogical problems of agrarian education.

The young scientist opinion.

 

Key information:
ISSN (print): 2707-5826
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826
Key information:
ISSN (print): 2707-5826
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826
Scientific journal "AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY" was founded  in 1995;  it was entitled as  Bulletin of Vinnytsya State Agricultural Institute.
In 2010-2014 was enritled as Collection of scientific works of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
It has been named as Agriculture and Forestry since 2015.
 
Certificate of mass media state registration No. 21363-11163 Р of June 09, 2015
1. Founder (co-founder): Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
2. Type of publication: journal.
3. Publication status: domestic.
4. Title(s) of publication: Agriculture and Forestry.
5. Language(s) of the publication: Ukrainian and English.
6. Spread: nationwide.
7. Categories of readers: students, postgraduates, scientists, employees of agroindustrial complex, state bodies of management.
8. Program goals (basic principles): questions of technology and efficiency of crop cultivation, scientific and industrial aspects of agronomic specialties, ecology and forestry.
9. Estimated periodicity of issue, volume (in conventional printed sheets) and format of publication: twice a half year, 7.5-15 conventional printed sheets, format: A4.
10. Legal address of the founder: 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Street, 3; telephones: (0432) 56-03-13; 35-70-84, fax: (0432) 43-80-25; e-mail:
11. Location of the editorial office: 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Street, 3.
12. Type of publication by purpose: agriculture and forestry, scientific production.
History of journal:

Journal History:

Scientific journal "AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY" was founded  in 1995;  it was entitled as  Bulletin of Vinnytsya State Agricultural Institute.

In 2010-2014 was enritled as Collection of scientific works of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.

It has been named as Agriculture and Forestry since 2015.

Listed in the updated list of scientific professional editions of Ukraine on agricultural sciences under the name Agriculture and Forestry (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine of May 16, 2016; No. 515).

Since 2015, "Agriculture and Forestry".  (archive of previous issues for 2015-2019) at http://forestry.vsau.edu.ua/.

The journal “Agriculture and Forestry (ISSN: 2707-5826)” passed the evaluation process of Index Copernicus positively and is indexed in the database of ICI Journals Master List   ICV for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 is presented in the full list of indexed journals in the Master List International List 

https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/details?id=65401

According to the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 17.03.2020 № 409. The journal Agriculture and Forestry is included in the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine Category "B" in agricultural sciences (specialties) - 101, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206.

According to the decision of the National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine dated 25.04.2024 No. 1337 scientific journal “Agriculture and Forestry” has the ID of the Media R30-05174.