Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Portuhay Oksana – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Rivne State Humanities University, Rivne city, portuhayo@gmail.com

Lyko Dariia – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology, Geography and Tourism, Rivne State Humanities University (Rivne city, dariia.lyko.2019@gmail.com.)

Mudrak Oleksandr – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology, Natural and Mathematical Sciences, KVNZ «Vinnytsia Academy of Continuing Education» (Vinnytsia city, ov_mudrak@ukr.net)

Mudrak Halyna – Candidate of Geographical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Vinnytsia National Agricultural University (Vinnytsia city, galina170971@ukr.net)

The article analyses the necessity of studying the state of animal husbandry at the regional level and its importance to the development of rural territorial communities. It also presents the number dynamics of farm animals in enterprises, farms and households and the products obtained for the period from 1995 to 2019 on the territory of the West Polissya region in the section of Rivne and Volyn regions. As a result, a significant decrease in the number of animals was found, with the exception of poultry, the number of which increased 2.3-2.4 times.

It was found that the change in the number of basic farm animals affected the production of the relevant products. From 1995 to 2019, the number of egg production increased significantly and the number of dairy products, wool, and meat (in slaughter weight) decreased in Rivne region. Poultry meat, which is significantly cheaper than pork or beef, is also a major part of meat products made in the West Polissya region.

It is revealed that the main contribution to the development of animal husbandry in the West Polissya region is made by households, where a greater number of the main types of agricultural animals are concentrated (in 2019, 80% of cows, 75% of pigs, 92% of sheep and goats). Therefore, one of the conditions for improving its development is the use of various mechanisms to stimulate the evolvement of individual farms, farms and cooperatives.

Measures to improve livestock leverage have been proposed as one of the important factors contributing to the implementation of sustainable development strategies for rural united territorial communities.

Such measures under the Strategic Directions for Agricultural Development include:

- establishment of centers for the provision of services for the reproduction of farm animals;

- establishment of government subsidies for the increase in the number of cows in agricultural enterprises, farms and private farms;

- provision of financial support to milk producers in the acquisition of modern machinery and equipment for farms and complexes through the reduction of short and long-term loans, improvement of financial leasing and economic relations with suppliers of material and technical resources;

- realizing the genetic potential of animals by providing complete feed and optimal conditions for their maintenance;

- provision of economically justified ratio of purchase and retail prices as a single price system, which regulates the balance of production, sales, supply and demand;

- promotion of production of quality products, development and introduction of a differentiated price scale in accordance with the quality of products and economic conditions of its production.

- formation of infrastructure of the product market, in particular the establishment of agricultural service cooperatives for the procurement, processing and marketing of products;

- creation of conditions for restoration of work of agricultural complexes and farms of industrial type, etc.

- to develop and implement short and long-term local and regional programs for regeneration of agricultural landscaping components, to allocate "ecologically clean" raw areas, to carry out organic farming and to receive ecologically safe products and raw materials on the basis of agro-ecological zoning;

- to create appropriate banks agro-environmental information for consulting and implementation centers of agro-environmental issues, which will enable effective implementation programs for sustainable development agrospheres in the region

The implementation of these measures will contribute to the socio-economic development of rural united territorial communities, which in turn will improve the quality of life of people in the countryside, create new jobs and will reduce the migratory outflow of rural youth to cities and far abroad.

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