Agriculture and forestry

Vdovenko Serhiy Anatoliyovych – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Forestry, Horticulture and Viticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street) e-mail: sloi@i.ua).

Poltoretskyi Serhii − Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of Department of Crop, Uman National University of Horticulture, Ukraine (20305 Uman, st. Institutskaya, poltorec@gmail.com).

Polishchuk Mihaylo Ivanovych – сandidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, the chief of Agriculture, Soil Science and Agrochemistry chair of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21, 008, Vinnytsya, 3, Soniachna Str., e-mail: polishchuk.mikhaylo@ukr.net).

Verheles Pavlo Mykolayovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of botany, genetics and plant protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: pasha425@vsau.vin.ua).

The article presents the results of research on the improvement of fertilization systems of potato varieties, as well as their impact on the structure of the seed tuber harvest depending on different norms and methods of applying mineral, macro- and micro-fertilizers Vuksal Makromix and the planting density and fraction of the planting material. The presented technological methods of cultivation will allow to increase the yield of the seed fraction in potato varieties. The highest yield of the seed fraction was noted in the Riviera variety in the variant where, with the local application of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N45Р45K45, two foliar fertilizings were carried out with microfertilizer Vuksal Makromix with an interval of 14 days from the stemming phase, and a planting fraction of tubers of 40–45 mm was used for planting density 70 thousand pieces/ha – 29.1, t/ha, and the multiplication factor was 6.8, respectively. As for the early-ripening variety Dnipryanka, the highest yield of 26.8 t/ha and the multiplication factor of 6.2 was noted on this variant. It should be noted that the highest percentage of the yield of the seed fraction in the yield structure of the varieties was noted in the specified version of the experiment and was 89.6% in the Riviera variety, and 83.1% in the Dnipriyanka variety. A higher quantitative yield of planting tubers was noted in the Riviera variety. This indicator at a density of 70 thousand units/ha varied from 308 to 476 thousand units/ha, and was the highest in the variant with local application of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N45Р45K45, where two foliar top dressings with Vuksal Macromix microfertilizer were carried out with an interval of 14 days from the stemming phase.The highest influence on the yield of seed potatoes of the nutrition system was noted - 66.8%, a relatively high influence of varietal characteristics, the share of which was 31.28%, a smaller influence of the fraction of planting material - 0.56%. The interaction of factors, in quantitative terms, is not high, but reliable, which is confirmed by the results of three-factor variance analysis.

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