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Agriculture and forestry

space SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS OF VINNITSA NATIONAL AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY

Issue №: 2 (17)

Published: 2020.11.01
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2020-2


Description:
The issue of the journal deals with the study of optimization of technological methods of growing crops, assessment of selection material. A special role is played by the influence of legumes on improving soil fertility, plant protection systems against pests, ecology and environmental protection.

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WAYS TO INCREASE YIELD OF CHICKPEAS

DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2020-2-18
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Shcatula Yurii – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate of Professor of the department of agriculture, soil science and agrochemistry of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonaychna St. 3., e-mail: shkatula@vsau.vin.ua).

Votyk Volodymyr – postgraduate student of the Department of Agriculture, Soil Science and Agrochemistry of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street, e-mail: Votyk_volodymyr@ukr.net).

 

Annotation

The analysis of literary sources showed that interest in chickpeas is increasing, sown areas under this crop are expanding, and technological features for chickpea cultivation are changing. The yield of chickpea seeds to a large extent depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, fertilizers, compliance with the timing and methods of sowing, inoculation of seeds and the like. Much attention should be paid to the system of protection of chickpea agrocenoses from harmful organisms. Weak competition of chickpea plants with weeds is primarily due to the peculiarity of the development of this culture in the early stages, when there is an intensive development of the root system and slow - the aboveground part. In these early stages of their development, chickpea plants are not yet able to fully compete with weeds. The latter, on the contrary, are serious competitors, as they actively use nutrients, moisture and shade plants. High selectivity and herbicidal activity in chickpea crops were shown by soil preparations: Stomp, 33% k.e. (4.0 l / ha); Harness, 90% (1.5–3.0 l / ha); Optima frontier (0.8– 1.0 l / ha). Weed reduction was 85–90% and yield increase was 0.71–0.82 t / ha. Of the post-emergence herbicides in chickpea crops in conditions of mixed weed type, it was advisable to use Pulsar (0.5-0.9 l / ha) and Pivot (0.5-0.8 l / ha). Weed loss was 81.0–82.0% and yield increase was 0.72–0.76 t / ha. When using different herbicides, the yield of chickpea grain was in the range from 1.26 to 1.44 t / ha. The presence of chickpeas in crops leads to severe inhibition, especially in the initial stages of vegetation. The most effective and economically feasible at present is the use of a tank mixture of herbicides Harnes + Gezagard 500 FM (2.0 l/ha + 3.0-4.0 l/ha) which makes it possible to control a wide range of weeds and extend the duration of the protective shield preparations. Chickpea seeds ripen fairly evenly throughout the plant, the beans do not crack or crumble, the plants do not lie down, so when harvested by direct combining there are no problems. The growing season in chickpeas lasts 80-120 days, depending on the variety and growing conditions, so it is harvested in late July or early August after harvesting cereals. The yield of chickpea seeds varies in the range 1.4–2.7 t/ha, and with proper technology and climatic conditions it can be 2.5–3.5 t/ha.

 

Keywords: chickpeas, agrocenosis, technology, mineral fertilizers, weeds, herbicides, biological products, productivity.

List of references

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2. Akinerbem F. (2011). Praktyky o vыrashchyvanyy nuta [Practices on the cultivation of chickpeas]. Zerno – Grain. № 2. 60-64. [in Ukrainian].

3. BoronaV. P., Zadorozhny V. S., Karasevich V. V. (2013). Buriany v posivakh nutu. [Buryany in chickpea crops]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn – Quarantine and plant protection. № 12. 7–9. [in Ukrainian].

4.Bouchulian O. (2017). Prynts bobovoho tsarstva. Osoblyvosti vyroshchuvannia nutu za bezgherbitsydnoi tekhnolohii [Prince of the bean kingdom. Features of cultivation of chickpeas by herbicide-free technology]. Propozytsiia – Offer. №5. 78–83. [in Ukrainian].

5. Bushulian O.V., Sichkar V.I., Babayants O.V. (2013). Vyroshchuiemo nut v Ukraini [We grow chickpeas in Ukraine]. Handbook of Ukrainian farmer: Sciences. Posibnyk ukrainskoho khliboroba: nauk. prakt. zb. K.: TOV «Akadempres» Pract. Sat. K .: Akadempres LLC, Vols. 2. 201-206. [in Ukrainian].

6. Bushulyan O.V., Sichkar V.I., Babayants O.V. (2012). Intehrovana systema zakhystu nutu vid burianiv, shkidnykiv i khvorob [An integrated system for protecting  chickpeas from weeds, pests and diseases]. Metodychni rekomendatsii. Odesa. SHI-NTsNS. Metodychni rekomendatsii. Odesa. SHI-NTsNS, Guidelines. Odessa. SSI-NCSS, 25. [in Ukrainian].

7. Bushulyan O.V., Sichkar V.I., Babayants O.V. (2014). Zakhyst nutu vid shkidlyvykh orhanizmiv. [Protecting chickpeas from harmful organisms]. Ahronom – Agronomist. No. 2. 156–161. [in Ukrainian].

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13. Eremko L.S. (2009). Udoskonalennia ahrotekhnichnykh zakhodiv vyroshchuvannia nutu v umovakh Livoberezhnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy [Improvement of agrotechnical measures of chickpea cultivation in the conditions of the Left Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine]. Visnyk Poltavskoi derzhavnoi ahrarnoi akademii – Bulletin of the Poltava State Agrarian Academy. №4. 97-100 [in Ukrainian].

14. Petkevich Z.Z., Melnichenko G.V. (2012). Nut, sochevytsia – perspektyvni zernobobovi kultury dlia vyroshchuvannia na pivdni Ukrainy. [Nut, lentils - perspective leguminous crops for growing in the south of Ukraine]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats. Zroshuvalne zemlerobstvo. – Collection of scientific works. Irrigation agriculture. Issue. 65, 104-107. [in Ukrainian].

15. Pushchak V.I. (2019). Produktyvnist sortiv nutu zalezhno vid elementiv intensyfikatsii tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia v umovakh Lisostepu Zakhidnoho. [Productivity of chickpea varieties depending on the elements of cultivation technology intensification in the conditions of Western Forest Steppe]. Abstract for the candidate. agricultural Sciences. 06.01.09. plant growing. Vinnitsa, 26. [in Ukrainian].

16. Sichkar V.I. (2016). Suchasnyy stan i perspektyvy vyroshchuvannya zernobobovykh kulʹtur na nashiy planeti [Current state and prospects of growing legumes on our planet]. Zernobobovi kulʹtury ta soya dlya staloho rozvytku ahrarnoho vyrobnytstva Ukrayiny». Materialy mizhnarodnoyi naukovoyi konferentsiyi – Legume Cultivars and Soybeans for Sustainable Development of Ukrainian Agrarian Production". Materials of international scientific conference. 14-16. [in Ukrainian].

 

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About journal

Topics of the journal:

Topics of the Journal:

Program goals (basic principles): questions of technology and efficiency of crop production, scientific and industrial aspects of agronomic specialties, ecology and forestry.

Articles on such scientific problems are accepted for printing:

Plant production, current state and prospects for development.

Agrochemistry and modern aspects of fertilizers and biologically active substances application.

Feed production, current state and prospects for development.

Selection, seed production, seed science and varieties.

Protection of plants.

Soil managment and soil quality improvement.

Forestry and gardening.

Vegetables and mushrooms, current status and development trends.

Ecology and environmental protection.

Theory and history of agricultural sciences and forestry.

Modern directions of development of arable land and forestry.

Innovative and investment activities in agriculture and forestry.

Directions and efficiency of crop production

Bioenergy resources of crop production and forestry.

Production of renewable energy from biological resources.

Organic farming, the main area of development and production of organic products.

Agriculture and modern crop rotation and soil cultivation.

Horticulture and viticulture.

Processing and storage of crop products.

Beekeeping, current status and development trends.

Contemporary biological research in crop production and forestry.

Progressive technologies of the agricultural complex.

Psychological and pedagogical problems of agrarian education.

The young scientist opinion.

 

Key information:
ISSN (print): 2707-5826
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826
Key information:
ISSN (print): 2707-5826
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826
Scientific journal "AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY" was founded  in 1995;  it was entitled as  Bulletin of Vinnytsya State Agricultural Institute.
In 2010-2014 was enritled as Collection of scientific works of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
It has been named as Agriculture and Forestry since 2015.
 
Certificate of mass media state registration No. 21363-11163 Р of June 09, 2015
1. Founder (co-founder): Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
2. Type of publication: journal.
3. Publication status: domestic.
4. Title(s) of publication: Agriculture and Forestry.
5. Language(s) of the publication: Ukrainian and English.
6. Spread: nationwide.
7. Categories of readers: students, postgraduates, scientists, employees of agroindustrial complex, state bodies of management.
8. Program goals (basic principles): questions of technology and efficiency of crop cultivation, scientific and industrial aspects of agronomic specialties, ecology and forestry.
9. Estimated periodicity of issue, volume (in conventional printed sheets) and format of publication: twice a half year, 7.5-15 conventional printed sheets, format: A4.
10. Legal address of the founder: 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Street, 3; telephones: (0432) 56-03-13; 35-70-84, fax: (0432) 43-80-25; e-mail:
11. Location of the editorial office: 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Street, 3.
12. Type of publication by purpose: agriculture and forestry, scientific production.
History of journal:

Journal History:

Scientific journal "AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY" was founded  in 1995;  it was entitled as  Bulletin of Vinnytsya State Agricultural Institute.

In 2010-2014 was enritled as Collection of scientific works of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.

It has been named as Agriculture and Forestry since 2015.

Listed in the updated list of scientific professional editions of Ukraine on agricultural sciences under the name Agriculture and Forestry (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine of May 16, 2016; No. 515).

Since 2015, "Agriculture and Forestry".  (archive of previous issues for 2015-2019) at http://forestry.vsau.edu.ua/.

The journal “Agriculture and Forestry (ISSN: 2707-5826)” passed the evaluation process of Index Copernicus positively and is indexed in the database of ICI Journals Master List   ICV for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 is presented in the full list of indexed journals in the Master List International List 

https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/details?id=65401

According to the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 17.03.2020 № 409. The journal Agriculture and Forestry is included in the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine Category "B" in agricultural sciences (specialties) - 101, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206.

According to the decision of the National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine dated 25.04.2024 No. 1337 scientific journal “Agriculture and Forestry” has the ID of the Media R30-05174.