Agriculture and forestry

Tsyhanska Olena Ivanivna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Landscape Gardening, Horticulture, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sunnychnaya st. 3, email: lenkatsiganskaya@gmail.com).

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav Ivanovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Plant Production, Selection and Bioenergetic Cultures, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str., 3).

The importance worldwide of soybean and the main limitations to crop yields. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) has excelled in the world agricultural economy as a major oilseed crop, because of its potential for large-scale production. At present, soybeans are grown primarily for oil extraction and for use as a high protein meal for animal feed. Soybean has a protein content of approximately 40% and an oil content of approximately 20%. This crop is currently being produced around the world. Indicate that to obtain increases in soybean yields, it is necessary to understand the interaction between cultivars and the production environment. Soybean is very responsive to environmental conditions, and the main climatic factors affecting its crop yields include the photoperiod, which influences the availability of full light, temperature and water availability. Based on these factors, crop management can be adjusted to achieve proper development of plants in each production environment. Although the effects of various environmental factors interfere with the performance of crops, water restriction is the main limiting environmental factor that contributes to the failure to obtain maximum soybean yields influencing the use of other environmental resources. Two-thirds of world food production through cultivation occurs under water stress. In this context and because of the prospect of global climate change, most crops will be exposed to negative impacts caused by drought. 

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