Agriculture and forestry

Didur Ihor Mykolayovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Acting the director of the Institute of Agricultural Technologies and Nature Management of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: didurihor@gmail.com).

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Production and Horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: tsiganskiyslava@gmail.com).

Televatyuk Bohdan Ivanovych – graduate student of the Department of Agriculture, Soil Science and Agrochemistry of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: televatyk.b@gmail.com).

In the 2022 marketing year, grain prices in Ukraine fell due to port blockades and limited export opportunities. Almost 20% less of the planned volume of corn was exported. Export problems have significantly reduced the price of corn. The opening and continuation of the (grain) corridor stabilized export prices. Instead, the internal price of corn, which, for example, was uniform in Ukraine in 2021, had a wide range in the 2022 season. In addition, the price of seeds, plant protection products and especially mineral fertilizers have increased significantly, which in turn has caused a significant increase in production costs for cultivation, which in turn has encouraged farmers to use alternative elements in the plant nutrition system and the widespread use of biological preparations and biofertilizers different mechanism of action. This article defines the main aspects of optimization of the corn fertilization system due to the combination of soil biological fertilizer Groundfix with mineral fertilizers in the full norm and under the conditions of its reduction by 30%. The production necessity and relevance of the implementation of such technological solutions and the search for optimal options for the maximum economic efficiency of corn cultivation in view of the peculiarities of the conditions that have developed today have been proven. On the basis of the two-year research conducted, it was established that the maximum yield of corn grain in the experiment of 11,48 t/ha in the P8834 hybrid and 11,77 t/ha in the P9074 hybrid was formed on the variant of the experiment where mineral fertilizers were applied at the rate of N120P60K60 (100%) and in pre-sowing cultivation, soil biological fertilizer Groundfix was applied at the rate of 6 l/ha, the yield increase compared to the control in these variants was 0,74 t/ha and 0,89 t/ha. Under the condition of reducing the rate of mineral fertilizers by 30% (N80P40K40) and applying the Groundfix biofertilizer at the rate of 6 l/ha, a fairly high level of corn grain yield was formed at the level of 10,35 t/ha in the P8834 hybrid and 10,83 t/ha in the P9074 hybrid, which has a high positive effect from an economic point of view.

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