Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Didur Ihor Mykolayovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Acting the director of the Institute of Agricultural Technologies and Nature Management of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: didurihor@gmail.com).

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Production and Horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: tsiganskiyslava@gmail.com).

This article presents the results of field research on the effect of seed treatment with the Mycofriend mycorrhizal biopreparation and the use of Groundfix soil biological fertilizer in pre-sowing cultivation, under different rates of mineral fertilization, on the formation of elements of individual plant productivity, namely the number of beans per plant, the number of grains per plant, mass grains from one plant and the mass of 1000 grains. The early ripening soybean variety of the Ukrainian selection Diadema Podillya was used for the study. The research was carried out during 2017-2021 at the research field of the "Agronomichne" research center of the VNAU. On the basis of the received data of the five-year cycle of field research, it was established that on the gray forest soils of the Right-bank forest-steppe, the most optimal conditions for the growth processes and development of soybean plants, and as a result of the formation of high individual productivity, are made under the conditions of applying mineral fertilizers in the norm of N60P60K60, soil biological Graunfix fertilizers (5 l/ha) and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend (1,5 l/t). Under these conditions, the maximum number of beans per plant was obtained in the experiment, 27,2 pcs. (19,3 pcs. on the control), the number of grains per plant is 47,2 pcs. (37,5 pcs. on the control), the weight of grains from the plant is 7,6 g (5,43 g on the control) and the weight of 1000 grains is 160,9 g (145,1 g on the control). It should be noted that the variant of the experiment, which involved the application of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N45P45K45, the application of Groundfix at the rate of 5 l/ha and the treatment of seeds with the mycorrhizal preparation Mycofriend (1.5 l/t) ensured the formation of indicators of individual plant productivity at the same level as the variant with the introduction of only mineral fertilizers at the rate of N60P60K60, and in some cases even exceeded it. At the same time, the number of beans per plant was 22,0 pcs., the number of grains per plant was 41,3 pcs., the weight of grains per plant was 6,32 g, and the weight of 1000 grains was 153,4 g.

1. Soia zberehla posivni ploshchi v Ukraini v umovakh viiny i korystuietsia popytom na svitovykh rynkakh (2022). [Soybean has preserved the cultivated areas in Ukraine in the conditions of the war and is in demand on world markets]. URL:https://ukragroconsult.com/news/soya-zberegla-posivni-ploshhi-v-ukrayini-v-umovah-vijny-i-korystuyetsya-popytom-na-svitovyh-rynkah/ (data zvernennia 20.09.2023). [in Ukrainian].

2. Lykhochvor V.V. (2021). Vplyv system udobrennia na formuvannia vrozhainosti zerna soi [The influence of fertilization systems on the formation of soybean grain yield]. URL: https://www.agronom.com.ua/vplyv-system-udobrennya-na-formuvannya-vrozhajnosti-ta-yakosti-zerna-soyi/ (data zvernennia 14.09.2023). [in Ukrainian].

3. Rol mikoryznykh preparativ u tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia soi (2018). [The role of mycorrhizal drugs in soybean cultivation technology]. Agroexpert. № 3 (116) URL:https://btu-center. Com /publication/2020/rol-mikoriznikh-preparativ-u-tekhnologii-viroshchuvannya-soi/ (data zvernennia 18.09.2023). [in Ukrainian].

4. Datsko A. Hraundfiks – gruntove biodobryvo dlia vysokykh urozhaiv [Groundfix is a soil biofertilizer for high yields]. URL:https://agro-business.com.ua/2017-09-29-05-56-43/item/13541-hraundfiks-gruntove-biodobryvo-dlia-vysokykh-urozhaiv.html (data zvernennia 21.09.2023). [in Ukrainian].

5. Yatsenko V.V. (2022). Formuvannia produktyvnosti soi ovochevoi za vykorystannia bioinokuliantiv ta mikoryzoutvoriuiuchoho preparatu [Formation of the productivity of vegetable soybeans using bioinoculants and a mycorrhizal preparation]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk − Taurian Scientific Herald. № 125. 111-118. [in Ukrainian].

6. Dumych V. (2020). Vplyv biopreparativ na efektyvnist vyroshchuvannia soi v zakhidnomu rehioni Ukrainy [The influence of biological preparations on the efficiency of soybean cultivation in the western region of Ukraine]. Tekhniko-tekhnolohichni aspekty rozvytku ta vyprobuvannia novoi tekhniky i tekhnolohii dlia silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy. Issue. 26 (40). 292-298. [in Ukrainian].

7. Metodyka provedennia doslidiv po kormovyrobnytstvu (1994). [Methods of conducting experiments on fodder production]. / Pid red. A. O. Babycha. Vinnytsia. 87. [in Ukrainian].

8. Metodyka Derzhavnoho sortovyprobuvannia silskohospodarskykh kultur (zernovi, krupiani ta zernobobovi kultury) (2001). [Methodology of the State variety testing of agricultural crops (cereal, cereal and leguminous crops)]/ za red. V.V. Volkodava. Kyiv. 110. [in Ukrainian].

9.Zabolotnyi H.M., Mazur V.A., Tsyhanska O.I,, Didur I.M., Tsyhanskyi V.I.,Pantsyreva H.V. (2020). Ahrobiolohichni osnovy vyroshchuvannia soi ta shliakhy maksymalnoi realizatsii yii produktyvnosti: monohrafiia [Agrobiological bases of soybean cultivation and ways of maximum realization of its productivity]. Vinnytsia: VNAU. 276. [in Ukrainian].

10.Lykhochvor V.V., Petrychenko V.F., Ivashchuk P.V. (2008).Zernovyrobnytstvo [Grain production]. Lviv: NVF «Ukrainski tekhnolohii». 624. [in Ukrainian].

11.Borodai V.V., Kosovska N.A., Parfeniuk A.I., Tertychna O.V. (2022).Vplyv biopreparativ Fitokhelp i Mikokhelp na mikrobiotu gruntu za vyroshchuvannia soi (glycine max (l.) merr.) [The effect of Phytohelp and Mycohelp biological preparations on the soil microbiota during the cultivation of soybeans (glycine max (l.) merr.)]. Ahroekolohichnyi zhurnal − Agroecological journal. №1. 99-109. [in Ukrainian].