Agriculture and forestry

Okrushko Svetlana Evgenivna - Candidate of Agricultural Sciences (PhD), Associate of Professor of the department of botany, genetics and plant protection of Vinnitsia National Agrarian University (210083, Vinnitsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: osy@vsau.vin.ua).

Shcatula Yurii Mykolayovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate of Professor of the department of agriculture, soil science and agrochemistry of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonaychna St. 3., e-mail: shkatula@vsau.vin.ua ).

The article summarizes the results of research on weed control with soil and insurance herbicides, as well as evaluates the influence of the growth regulator Noostim on the formation of the winter rapeseed crop hybrid Dalton. We researched the species of weeds and evaluated the ecological and biological effectiveness of herbicides. The weeding structure of the agrocenosis of winter rape is presented as follows: on average there were 53 plants/m2, among which the presence of monocots was 14 plants/m2 and dicots 39 plants/m2. Therefore, it was established that the type of weediness is mixed, and the degree is medium. The drugs studied in the experiment did not inhibit winter rape plants and liquefaction of crop density was not observed. Treatment of rapeseed crops with Noostim was important for regulating the development of cultivated plants, reducing the risks of stress from pesticide load, ensuring control of the most common diseases and contributing to increased yields. Typhoon herbicide treatment (2.0 l / ha) reduced weeds by 79% compared to controls. Only cereal weeds remained after the application of the insurance herbicide Slash (1.0 l / ha). Higher height of winter rape plants and better branching ensured an increase in yield with consistent application of herbicides. Statistical evaluation of the obtained data confirms that the introduction of herbicides reduced the number and harmfulness of weeds, which significantly affected the growth of yield. The largest number of winter rapeseed seeds was obtained during 2 years of research on the variant, where the herbicides Typhoon (1.6 l/ha) and Slash (0.75 l/ha) were applied sequentially with reduced from the recommended rates of use together with the growth regulator Noostim (0, 3 l/ha). The oil content in winter rapeseed increased to 46.4-46.7%, and the oil yield was 1.57-1.94 t ha-1 as a result of reducing the level of weed vegetation due to the application of herbicides.

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