Agriculture and forestry

Tsyhanska Olena – candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor of the department of forestry and horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: lenkatsiganskaya@gmail.com).

Slobodianiuk Eduard – post graduate student of the department of forestry and horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the influence of biological preparations on the growth and development of soybean plants of various varieties. In particular, such varieties as mid-ripe Sensor and mid-early Onix were studied. The influence and features of the activation of vital processes of soybean plants when using Rehoplant (a balanced composition of biologically active compounds - low molecular weight organic substances, amino acids, fatty acids, oligosaccharides, chitosan and a complex of biogenic microelements in ionic form and aversectins) and bioinoculant Anderiz (includes 3 strains of nodular bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum). It was established that the average duration of the growing season over the years of research was 112-113 days for the medium-ripening variety Sensor and 117-118 days for the medium-early variety Onix. The duration of the vegetation period of the studied soybean varieties changed by 1-2 days for cultivation in variants with pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biostimulant and bioinoculant. According to the results of the research carried out in the experimental plots, the effect of seed treatment with biostimulant and bioinoculant on the field germination, density and survival of plants of the investigated soybean plants was revealed. It was established that, on average, in 2022-2023, depending on the action of intensification factors, the field germination of soybeans also changed, in the Sensor variety from 84.4 to 88.1% and in the Onix variety from 89.9 to 92.1%, which affected on the formation of the plant density index for the period of full emergence of the Sensor variety - 51.8-53.9 pcs/m2 and the Onix variety - 55.1-56.4 pcs/m2. Seed treatment to some extent reduces the negative impact of mineral fertilizers and ensures an increase in the field germination of soybean plants. This phenomenon is due to the activation of physiological and biochemical processes in soybean seeds and seedlings due to the inoculation of seeds with a strain of nodule bacteria in a bioinoculant and treatment with trace elements. As a result of the research, it was found that the maximum plant height in the experiment in soybean varieties was recorded in the phase of bean filling, practically until the end of the growing season, the growth of the main stem did not take place. The lowest plant height indicators were observed on the control variant.

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