Agriculture and forestry

Yakovets Liudmyla – сandidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior lecturer of the, Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St. 3, e. mail: ludmila28334@gmail.com).

Solomon Alla – candidate of technical sciences, associate professor of the Department of Food Technologies and Microbiology Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St. 3, e. mail: Soloalla78@ukr.net).

It has been established that the value of buckwheat is due to its high nutritional and medical and dietary properties. Fallen buckwheat fruits contain 12-16 % protein, which consists of such amino acids as lysine, arginine, tryptophan, as well as cystine and cystidine, which determine its nutritional value. Buckwheat grains contain on average 2-4 % of oxidation-resistant fats, so even with long-term storage, the nutritional quality of the groats does not decrease. In addition, buckwheat grain contains organic acids, mineral salts and rutting. The latter contributes to the strengthening of the human circulatory system. Buckwheat is widely used in folk medicine to prepare medicines. Waste obtained in the form of chaff during the harvesting of buckwheat grains is used as nutritious feed for poultry and animals. According to the results of the study, it was established that in order to satisfy the population of Ukraine with buckwheat at the physiological norm of 7,5 kg per person, it is necessary to produce 650,000 tons of grain every year. This amount can be provided by sowing buckwheat on an area of 325,000 hectares with a yield of 20 t/ha. Research results indicate that large fluctuations in the yield of buckwheat in different natural and climatic zones are determined by a combination of various factors, among which the leading role belongs to meteorological conditions. Meteorological factors, mainly air temperature and precipitation, have a decisive influence on the formation of the buckwheat crop, even with a high level of agricultural technology and the correct selection of varieties, the presence of conditions that ensure normal pollination of flowers. It should be noted that in order to obtain a high-level harvest, it is necessary that all factors that affect plant growth are presented in optimal values in the corresponding periods of growth and development. The basis of growing technology is a plant with its biological features, which must be taken into account in a timely manner and thus manage the process of crop formation.

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