Agriculture and forestry

Hutsol Halyna Vasylivna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsya, Soniachna Str. 3, еmail: gucolg@ukr.net.).

The research was carried out on soils obtained from the territory of the Educational and Research Farm "Agronomichne", which are part of the land resources  of  the  All-Ukrainian  Scientifi  and  Educational   Consortium,  and  are located in the central part of Vinnytsia region. The territory of the experimental field has an even relief.

The soil cover of the experimental area is represented by gray forest medium loamy soils. According to morphological features, physical and physico-chemical indicators, they are typical for the Vinnytsiaa region and in general for the Forest-Steppe and favorable for the cultivation of various crops.

The intensity of soil pollution of agricultural land by heavy metals and physical and chemical parameters of soil in the conditions of the research farm "Agronomichne" of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University is investigated.

It is found that the average content of humus is 3.0%, easyhydrolyzed nitrogen – 10,72 mg per 100 g of soil, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium respectively – 19,8 and 14,05 mg per 100 g of soil, pH of salt extract 5, 1, hydrolytic acidity – 2,93 mg-eq. per 100 g of soil.

The content of lightlyhydrogenated nitrogen in soil soils was lower than the norm at 1,57, 1,08, 3,12 and 1,75 times respectively, of mobile phosphorus at 1.70, 3,64, 2,90 and 2,30 times higher than norms, exchangeable potassium in the soil of the fields was higher than the norm in 1,03, 2,31, 1,6 and 4,35 times, respectively, the pH of the salt extract of 5,1 – acid. Reduced nitrogen content, so you need to add ammonium nitrate during cropping and dressing. Phosphorus is sufficiently secured, potassium is medium-secured. The soil is sour, so liming is needed.

1.Barvinchenko V.I., Zabolotnyi H.M. (2004). Grunty Vinnytskoi oblasti.  Navchalnyi posibnyk do vyvchennia temy: «Henezys, vlastyvosti ta poshyrennia osnovnykh typiv gruntiv Vinnytskoi oblasti» [Genesis, properties and distribution of the main types of soils in the Vinnytsia region]. Vinnytsia.  [in Ukrainian].

2.Breslavets A.I. (2009). Tekhnohenno zabrudneni grunty ta shliakhy yikh polipshennia [Technologically polluted soils and ways to improve them]. Problemy okhorony navkolyshnoho pryrodnoho seredovyshcha ta ekolohichnoi bezpeky: zb. nauk. pr.  – Problems of environmental protection and ecological safety: Sb. sciences works. 31. 189-202. [in Ukrainian].

3.Hryshko V.M. (2012). Vazhki metaly: nadkhodzhennia v grunty, translokatsiia u roslynakh ta ekolohichna bezpeka [Heavy metals: soil retrieval, translocation in plants and ecological safety]. Donetsk: Donbas.  [in Ukrainian].

4.Hudz V.P., Shuvar I.A., Yunyk A.V., Rykhlivskyi I.P.  (2014). Adaptyvni systemy zemlerobstva [Adaptive farming systems]. Pidruchnyk za red. Hudzia V.P. K. : «Tsentr uchbovoi literatury». [in Ukrainian].

5.Zhovynskyi Э. Ia., Kuraeva Y.V. (2002). Heokhymyia tiazhelыkh metallov v pochvakh Ukraynы  [Geochemistry of heavy metals in the soils of Ukraine]. K.: Nauk. dumka. [in Ukrainian].

6.Kuzmenko Ye.I., Kuzmenko A.S.  (2013). Otsinka fitotoksychnosti vazhkykh metaliv v umovakh mono- i poli elementnoho zabrudnennia gruntu [Estimation of phytotoxicity of heavy metals in conditions of mono- and poly-element soil contamination].  K. : Ahroekolohichnyi zhurnal – Agroecological journal. 1. 33-35 [in Ukrainian].

7.Nazarenko Y.Y., Polchyna S.M., Smaha Y.S. (1996). Henetycheskye osobennosty burovato-podzolystыkh pochv Predkarpatia pry razlychnom yspolzovanyy [Genetic peculiarities of Pre-Carpathian brownish-podzolic soils with different uses]. Pochvovedenye – Soil science.  10. 1167-1175. [in Ukrainian].

8.Razanov S.F., Shvets V.V., Marchak T.V. (2013). Vplyv vapnuvannia gruntiv na kontsentratsiiu Zn i Cu u bdzholynomu obnizhzhi i perzi [Influence of liming of soils on the concentration of Zn i Cu in beer onions and pergus].  Zbirnyk naukovykh prats  VNAU. – Collection of scientific works of  VNAU.  №1 (71). 112-115. [in Ukrainian].

9.Tkachuk O.P.  (2015). Vykorystannia bahatorichnykh bobovykh trav dlia znyzhennia vmistu vazhkykh metaliv u grunti [Use of perennial legumes to reduce the content of heavy metals in the soil]. Nauk.-prakt. zhurnal «Zbalansovane pryrodokorystuvannia» – Science-practice Journal of Balanced Natural Resources. 4. 138-140. [in Ukrainian].

10.Zabrudnennia gruntu vazhkymy metalamy [Soil contamination by heavy metals]. URL: http: // bibliofond.ru /view.aspxid=7323911.