Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Pantsyreva Hanna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, leading researcher, Associate Professor of the Department of Landscape Management, Forestry, Horticulture and Viniculture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: apantsyreva@ukr.net).

Based on the analysis of scientific sources, information on the origin, distribution, taxonomy and use of promising ornamental plants of the genus Lupinus L. in Ukraine and the world is presented. A wide range of decorative and valuable features of various types of plants of the Lupinus L. genus, which are valuable decorative, essential oil, medicinal, honey-bearing, vitamin, and fodder plants, have been determined. However, as a result of significant anthropogenic influence, the gene pool of these groups of plants is steadily decreasing from year to year, as a result of which the issue of developing biological and ecological bases for the introduction and introduction into industrial culture of species of the genus Lupinus L., adapted to the climatic conditions of the Podillia zone, has become urgent. The perspective of using decorative species of the genus Lupinus L. in landscaping has been proven. Recommendations for their cultivation have been developed, the optimal terms and methods of seed and vegetative reproduction and use in the landscaping of Vinnytsia Region have been established. It has been determined that the expansion of the assortment of flower-decorative lupins today occurs mainly as a result of a spontaneous process and does not always have a positive result. However, the collection of data on the introduction of plants helps to determine the degree of adaptation of the species to the new growing conditions, to establish its ecological plasticity, which will ensure its normal development in these conditions. The greatest scientific interest is the decorative species of lupine, which are widely used in urban planning, park construction, landscaping and city improvement. It was analyzed that the genus Lupinus includes about 200 species of annual and perennial plants. Almost all of them grow in America. There are 10 species in Europe, all of the same age. Of the perennial species in culture, tree-shaped lupine (L. arboreus Sims.) is more often found. bicolor: 'Abendglut', 'Albus', 'Apricot', 'Carmineus', 'Neue Spielarten', 'Prinzess Juliana', 'Roseus', 'Rubinkonig'. The studied cultivars of Lupinus Polyphyllus Lindl are characterized by significant color diversity. Most varieties and hybrids have a summer-autumn type of vegetation. It has been established that the multi-leaved lupine enters the budding phase from the first half of June with a duration of 10-14 days. According to the results of experimental studies of laboratory and field germination of freshly collected seeds of introduced cultivars of lupine, it was established that in the light and in the dark, the highest rate of germination energy was recorded in the plots of 'Prinzess Juliana' (56 and 57%, respectively) and seed germination (83 and 75%, respectively) at seed moisture content of 6%. In view of the above, the decorative species Lupinus Polyphyllus Lindl, due to the variety of colors, different periods of flowering, the height of the plants, the stability of the leaves, which grow relatively early and are preserved until the end of the growing season, are quite valuable plants for decorative gardening. From a practical point of view, the studied cultivars ('Albus', 'Apricot', 'Prinzess Juliana', 'Roseus', 'Rubinkonig', 'Abendglut', 'Carmineus' and 'Neue Spielarten') are of interest as potentially valuable objects for enrichment of the assortment of decorative plants of Ukraine and are promising for creating garden compositions on the basis of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.

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