Agriculture and forestry

Shcatula Yuri Mykolaiovych – candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate of Professor of the department of agriculture, soil science and agrochemistry of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonaychna St. 3., e-mail: shkatula@vsau.vin.ua).

Kapritza Andriy Oleksandrovich – the head of Flora A.A. FG. (Vinnytsia region,  Tulc yn  district,  urban-type  settlement  Kryzhopol,  Boyka  Serhiy  street, building 11).

Soil  degradation  in  Ukraine  was  caused  by  the  sectoral  approach  to  the  use  of  land resources, the imperfection of the state policy on land protection. In the conditions of European integration processes, the problem of forming agricultural land use in accordance with the strategy of sustainable development of Ukraine is of significant interest for research. One of the factors ensuring the formation of sustainable agricultural land use is agrochemical certification. Today, the issues of protection and rational use of soils, proper assessment of soil quality and monitoring of soil changes are of particular importance in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Systematic observation and control of the main indicators of fertility is one of the priority tasks for the further formation of scientifically based decisions regarding the reproduction and increase of soil fertility. Based on the agrochemical survey of arable lands of FG "Flora", the results of the soil condition are presented, which make it possible to carry out measures to stabilize the agrochemical properties of soils. Farm soils are characterized as moderately rich in humus. It was established that the content of humus is 2,61%. The content of mobile phosphorus in the arable layer of the soil on average on the farm is 78 mg/kg of soil, which according to the regulations refers to its average content. To improve the balance of phosphorus and create soils with a high content of this element, in addition to mineral fertilizers, organic matter in the form of  siderates and plant residues of agricultural crops should be widely used, with mandatory liming.  The supply of exchangeable potassium is at a high level, its content is 137 mg/kg of soil. Soil acidity is pH 5,7. According to the standards, the ecological condition of the soil is close to neutral. To optimize the agrochemical parameters of the soil, it is advisable to optimize crop rotation by increasing the sowing of legumes, to introduce siderate sowing, to introduce standard doses and ratios of nutrients of mineral fertilizers; carry out systematic soil liming.

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