Agriculture and forestry

Amons Sergey – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3, Soniachna Str., e-mail: sergeyamons@gmail.com).

The main methods of growing new corn hybrids of different maturity groups in the forest-steppe remain insufficiently studied, and there are also few studies on the development and adaptation to specific soil and climatic conditions of integral technological systems, which would be based on the use of the biological potential of the culture and the application of resource-saving measures; to scientifically justify the principles of hybrid selection for specific subzones of the Forest Steppe and to theoretically argue the directions of resource saving in varietal technologies for growing different biotypes.

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of sowing dates on the grain productivity of various corn hybrids in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. Research has established that sowing dates affect the passage of phenological phases in corn. Late sowing times contribute to the shortening of the growing season and grain ripening period. The vegetation period of corn hybrids at the early sowing period varied between 117-134 days, medium - 115-136 days, and late - 113-132 days.

A delay in sowing corn hybrids led to a decrease in yield, but this trend was not followed for all studied hybrids. So, in particular, in hybrid P 9619, early sowing led to a decrease in productivity. Therefore, it must be sown later in order to obtain high productivity.

On the basis of two-year observations, it was established that the highest grain yield was formed on variants with mid-early hybrids: P 8904 – 15,1 t/ha, 10,7 and 13,4 t/ha; P 8666 – 14,5 t/ha, 12,6 and 13.0 t/ha, respectively, when sowing in the early, middle and late season. The realization of the genetic potential of its productivity in the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine depends on the selection of a corn hybrid of a certain maturity group with the available zoning and sowing dates.

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