Agriculture and forestry

Lipovy Vasyl Grigorovich – PhD of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of plant production, selection and bioenergetic cultures of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsya, Soniachna Str. 3).

Shevchuk Oksana Anatoliyvna – PhD of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of department of of Biology, Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University named after Mikhail Kotsyubinsky (21001, Vinnitsa, Ostrozkogo St. 32)

Knyazyuk Oleg Viktorovich – PhD of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biology, Vinnitsa State Pedagogical University named after Mikhail Kotsiubynsky (21100, Vinnitsa, Ostrozky St., 32)

The article presents the results of research to assess the impact of technological methods on the productivity of single and compatible crops of sugar sorghum with soybeans, and in particular the methods of sowing and fertilizing. The main organ of the plant that absorbs the most solar energy and has the highest intensity of photosynthesis is the leaf. The use of mineral fertilizers had a positive effect on the total leaf surface. During  years  of  the  research  with  the study methods of sowing and the timing for determination of total leaf surface in areas under mineral fertilizers were applied, it was greater than in areas without fertilizers. Thus, on average for 2018-2019 in the phase of ejection of panicles in areas where sugar sorghum was sown together with soybeans according to the scheme one row of sorghum + one row of soybeans under applying N120P90K120 leaf surface was 30.1 thousand m2/ha, and in areas without fertilizers - 21.0 thousand m2/ha. It was found that the largest area of assimilation surface of leaves on average for two years (41.3 thousand m2 / ha) was in the phase of milk ripeness of grain under sowing two rows of sorghum + one row of soybeans and N120P90K120  consumption. For the efficient use of solar energy is important not only the size of the leaf surface area but also the duration of its active work. Photosynthetic potential is used as an indicator for characterizing of the photosynthetic work of crops during the growing season.  The maximum value of the photosynthetic potential of sorghum plants on average for two years of research (2018-2019) was obtained at the end of the growing season (2.81 million m2 days/ha) in areas where it was sown together with soybeans in the method of sowing two rows of sorghum + one-row soybeans and under application of N120P90K120 doses.

1.Britvin V. V., Boldyireva L. L. (2007). Saharnoe sorgo – universalnaya kultura [Sugar sorghum is a versatile crop.]. Selskohozyaystvennyie nauki: nauchnyiy sbornik  Simferopol: YuF «KATU» NAU.  № 104. 259-263. [in Ukrainian].

2.Shadchyna T. M., Huliaiev B. I., Kirizii D. A., Stasyk O. O., Priadkina H. O., Storozhenko V. O. (2006). Rehuliatsiia fotosyntezu i produktyvnist roslyn: fiziolohichni ta ekolohichni aspekty [Regulation of photosynthesis and plant productivity: physiological and ecological aspects].  K.: Fitosotsiotsentr. [in Ukrainian].

3.Lypovyi V. H., Shevchuk O. A., Hutsol H. V. ta in. (2019). Osoblyvosti formuvannia produktyvnosti riznykh sortiv topinambura [Features of the formation of productivity of various varieties of Jerusalem artichoke.]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats VNAU. Silske hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Collection of scientific works of VNAU. Agriculture and forestry.  № 4. 79-87. [in Ukrainian].

4.Kniaziuk O. V., Shevchuk O. A., Lypovyi V. H., O. V. Vatamaniuk. (2019). Rist, rozvytok ta nasinnieva produktyvnist roztoropshi pliamystoi zalezhno vid zastosuvannia retardantiv, strokiv ta sposobu posivu [Growth, development and seed productivity of milk thistle, depending on the use of retardants, timing and method of sowing]. Visnyk Umanskoho natsionalnoho universytetu sadivnytstva – Bulletin of Uman National University of Horticulture. № 2. 60-64. [in Ukrainian].

5.Kniaziuk O. V., Lypovyi V. H., Pidpalyi I. F. (2012). Vplyv tekhnolohichnykh pryiomiv vyroshchuvannia na fotosyntetychnu produktyvnist hibrydiv kukurudzy [Influence of technological methods of cultivation on photosynthetic productivity of maize hybrids]. Ahrobiolohiia – Agrobiology. Zb. nauk. prats BDAU. № 1. 116-120. [in Ukrainian].

6.Lypovyi V. H., Kniaziuk O. V., Shevchuk O. A. (2018). Produktyvnist sumisnykh posiviv kukurudzy z bobovymy kulturamy na sylos zalezhno vid elementiv tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia ta rehuliatoriv rostu [Productivity of compatible crops of corn with legumes for silage depending on the elements of cultivation technology and growth regulators]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats VNAU. Silske hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Collection of scientific works of VNAU. Agriculture and forestry. № 10. 74-83. [in Ukrainian].

7.Kniaziuk O. A., Shevchuk O. A., Lypovyi V. H. (2018). Produktyvnist sumisnykh posiviv kukurudzy z sorho tsukrovym na sylos zalezhno vid elementiv tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia [Productivity of compatible crops of corn with sugar sorghum on silage depending on elements of technology of cultivation]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats VNAU. Silske hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Collection of scientific works of VNAU. Agriculture and forestry.  № 11. 106-113. [in Ukrainian].