Agriculture and forestry

Zabarnyi Oleksii Serhiyovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Seeds marketing manager BASF (21008, Vinnytsia, Zaporizhska Str.3, e-mail: zabarnyy@ukr.net).

Zabarna Tatiana Anatolyivna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences (PhD), Senior Lecturer of the Department of Soil Management, Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str.3, е-mail : zabarna-tanja@ukr.net).

The scientific publication focuses on the main points of crop care during the spring growing season. Measures to combat these threats and measures to preserve the winter rape harvest are indicated. The list of basic preparations recommended for use in agrophytocenoses of winter rape is given. Winter rapeseed crops require special attention in the spring after regrowth, so farmers create optimal conditions for further intensive growth of this crop. In this process, it is important to protect winter rape agrophytocenoses from diseases and pests, as they pose a real threat of crop failure or even death of the entire crop. In the spring, in order to form a crop protection system, agrotechnical protection is carried out, i.e. harrowing, which reduces the negative impact of threatening factors but does not fully protect against them, so farmers are helped by chemical methods of pest control. If we compare winter rape with other crops, it has a fairly high competitive activity, so it can suppress some harmful factors on its own, such as weeds, but there are also much more aggressive organisms. Winter oilseed rape, like a number of other cruciferous crops, is highly susceptible to pests, which are the main threat to it. Climate change, especially the increase in average daily temperatures in winter, is increasingly contributing to the spread of pests, and it is facilitating the successful wintering of pests and their preservation. Therefore, a timely system of crop protection measures is essential. Diseases are another threat to winter rape crops. All rapeseed diseases can be divided into seasons of activity. Rapeseed crops are often affected by many pathogens. Of course, fungicidal seed treatments in autumn and seed treatment before sowing significantly reduce the incidence of diseases in spring, but there is still a threat of disease spread. Under favourable conditions of disease spread, they can lead to yield losses of winter rape in the range of 30-80%. Therefore, the need for fungicide treatment of agrophytocenoses is undeniable. So, winter rapeseed is an economically viable and promising crop that can be successfully grown in almost all soil and climatic conditions in Ukraine. One of the levers of of obtaining a high-quality harvest of winter rape seeds is the timely protection of plants against diseases and pests.

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