Agriculture and forestry

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior lecturer of the Department of of Plant Production, Selection and Bioenergetic Cultures of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

In current conditions of agricultural production with intensive technologies of growing crops, fertilizer is one of the most expensive elements of agricultural machinery, as experienced agricultural experts say that the food system should be optimized. In recent years, biological preparations of various action mechanisms are in increasing demand among farmers. Particular attention is paid to mycorrhizal biopreparations, one of which is "Mykofriend" and preparations based on phosphorus and potassium mobilizing bacteria "Groundfix". Preparations stimulate the development of beneficial soil microorganisms, help preserve and increase soil fertility, activate its suppression against phytopathogens, improve productivity in crop yields, including sunflower. This article presents important aspects of the technology of growing sunflower with a variety of applications of biological origin, which optimize the process of plant nutrition through better use of mineral elements and improve growth processes. New perspective biological preparations, manufactured by BTU Center, for pre-sowing seed treatment and soil application were studied. It was found out that the treatment of seeds with mycorrhizal drug Mycofriend with the rate of 4 l / t and when applying pre-sowing cultivation of biological fertilizer Graunfix at a rate of 8 l / ha contributed to the formation of the best conditions for plant growth and  development,  and  as  a consequence of the best  productivity parameters. In  this  variant,  the  maximum  plant  height  of  189.3 cm,  leaf surface area of 30.9 thousand m2 / ha  (flowering phase),  dry  matter  yield  in the ripening phase of 5.28 t / ha, basket diameter of 23.1 cm, weight of 1000 seeds is 49.6 g and seed yield is 2.84 t / ha.

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