Agriculture and forestry

Matusiak Mikhaylo – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Landscape Gardening, Horticulture and Viticulture of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: mikhailo1988@gmail.com).

The main part of forest plantations of Vinnytsia region is occupied by plantations with predominance of pedunculated oak (81%). Most of oak stands that grow within the region, in terms of plantings composition, correspond to the types of forest plant conditions. Under those circumstances, most tree species show high growth rates. The area of plantations of the II class qualitymakes up 94.7%, 4.9% – of the ІІI class quality and 0.4% – ofthe ІV. The largest area (57.1%) is occupied by plantations with the density of 0.7, slightly smaller (31.8%) – with the density of 0.8, and  plantations with the density of 0.9 to1 occupy the area of 3.5%, with the density of 0.6 –  6.3%; 0.5  –  0.8%; 0.4 – 0.3%.

Despite the systematic intermediate cutting, which was carried out in order to preserve the pedunculated oak, European ash and other valuable species as a part of 92-132-year-old stands, the highest number of the preserved trees belongs to hornbeam (36.5-64.9% of the total numberwere in 19 plantations of Vinnytsia region). Only on two plantations 9.7-14.9% of hornbeam out of the total number of tree species was found.

According to biological and ecological properties, the optimum proportion of European ash in plantation is 25-30% of the total number of trees provided they are evenly distributed over the area. According to the research conducted, there was no ash trees in two stands, in one plantationonly eight trees of ash were preserved, in the next three – 100-109 trees and in the rest – from 26 to 84 (7.4-25%) of the total number of trees, what lies within its coenotic optimum.

In four plantations the mazzard cherry was preserved, in one stand – one tree, in two other – 9-11 and in the next one – 20 trees. Linden was preserved in 14 plantations –from 1 to 44 trees, and in one stand there were 90 trees. Wild service tree survived in two plantations – one per every stand. 

It was determined that composition of plantations significantly affects the stock of the stem wood, especially the yield of valuable assortments and their cost. Increasing the number of trees up to a certain limit of pedunculated oak, European ash and other valuable species in mixed stands, including natural seed plantation, placed in fresh oak forests, leads to the increase of the stock of stem wood, valuable assortments and their cost.

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