Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Vradiy Oksana Ihorivna – assistant of the department of ecology and environmental protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3, Solnychna St., e-mail: vradiy_oksana@mail.ru).

Forest resources, which include edible mushrooms, wild berries, fruit and others are an important element of the food program, which involves providing high quality and sufficient food to the population. With the development of scientific and technological progress and the significant increase in the share of cultivated fruit, berries and vegetables, the role of wild berries, fruit and mushrooms as a source of food and income has taken the minor place. However, in recent years, there is a noticeable increase in the use of these resources in the nutrition and treatment of the population. In particular, the focus is on the use of berries, fruit and mushrooms for both food and medical purposes.

The research was conducted on the territory of Vinnytsia district of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine in 2018. The following forest berries like strawberries, blackberries, sweet cherries, apples and pears have been used as the material for research. The method of spot sampling of berries was used.

The study of the concentration of heavy metals was carried out in the research-measuring agrochemical laboratory of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection of the Agronomy Faculty on the basis of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn of the studied berries were determined by the method of atomic and absorptional spectrometry after dry mineralization. To assess the degree of hazardous elements of the pollutant, it was used a risk factor, i.e. the ratio between the concentration of the pollutant in the soil or the fetal body of the fungus at its maximum permissible concentration.

The intensity of pollution of forest berries collected on the territory of forestry of Vinnytsia district by heavy metals was investigated. It was found that the excess of MPC by 3.0 times in the concentration of cadmium was observed only in strawberries, while the concentration of zinc and copper was lower than MPC by 5.1 and 45.4 times, respectively. The concentration of zinc and copper in blackberries was lower than MPC by 9.0 and 125 times, respectively. The concentration of zinc and copper in sweet cherries was lower than MPC by 250 and 125 times, respectively. The concentration of zinc and copper in apples was lower than MPC by 37 and 500 times, respectively. The concentration of zinc and copper in pears was lower than MPC by 7.6 and 62.5 times, respectively.

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