Agriculture and forestry

Polutin Oleksii Oleksandrovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Landscape Management, Forestry Horticulture and Viticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str.3, e-mail: Jamberberis@gmail.com).

The article is devoted to the study of the effect of foliar treatment of Tomatillo plants with the use of drugs of bacterial origin. The paper scientifically substantiates the influence of biologicals on the morphological and biometric parameters of the plant. It was investigated that the emergence of seedlings in varieties Lichtaryk and Pineapple was observed for 7-8 days. After diving and two treatments of plants with drugs, their positive effect on the growth and development of Tomatillo, especially in the phase of budding, flowering and fruiting. A short period of bud formation on the plant was characterized by a variety of Tomatillo Lantern from the use of Biomag. Thus, the beginning of the formation of buds occurred on 66 days on the Lantern variety. A similar effect of the biological product was found during the flowering phase and fruit set. As a result of the activity of Azotobacter chorococum bacteria, the growth and development phases of the Lantern variety are accelerated by 1-3 days compared to the control variant. The use of biological products has had a positive effect on the biometric parameters of the plant. When using bacteria p. Saccharomyces, Azotobacter chroococcum, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Enterobacter nimipressuralis, plant height and stem diameter depended on the type of biological product used. The height of the plant ranged from 82,8 cm to 89,6 cm in the variety Lantern and from 86,8 cm to 91,3 cm in the variety Pineapple. As a result of spraying the plants with Azotobacterin or Rostmoment, the height of the Tomatillo plant exceeded the height of the plant of the variant where biological products were not used. In these variants, the excess of plant height relative to the control was 8,2% for the variety Lantern and 4,3 % for the variety Pineapple, respectively. The diameter of the stem was in the range of 1,9-2,0 cm. Due to the activity of the bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Enterobacter nimipressuralis or yeast p. Saccharomyces and products of their metabolism, revealed a positive effect of biologicals on the increase in leaf area and dry matter content of the leaf. As a result of cultivation of the cultivar Lichtarik and application of Rostmoment or Biopolitsid the area of leaves was at the level of 79,5 thousand м2/ha and 77,6 thousand м2/ha. Growth moment, for the cultivation of the variety Lantern, helped to increase the dry matter content of the leaf by 16,4 %. Treatment of Lantern plants with liquid humus-based concentrate Humisol provided the highest weight of Tomatillo fruit, which was at the level of 8,4 g, and the use of Humisol or Rostmoment for growing varieties Lantern and Pineapple increases the diameter of Tomatillo fruit by 6,9-10,3 %. Humisol, due to humic and fulvic acids, natural phytohormones affects the growth processes of the plant more intensively, which provided in the formation of the largest mass of fruits and their diameter.   High   yield   is   characterized  by the Tomatillo variety Lantern with five applications of Humisol or Biopolicide, where its value is 33,3 t/ha and 32,0 t/ha.

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