Agriculture and forestry

Polishchuk Mihaylo Ivanovych − сandidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, the chief of Agriculture, Soil Science and Agrochemistry chair of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsya, 3, Soniachna, e-mail: polishchuk.mikhaylo@ukr.net ).

The paper presents the results of two-year research to identify the growth, development, yield and quality of tubers of early-maturing potato Serpanok under the influence of fertilizer options and planting rates in the conditions of SE Artemida Kalinov district. DPDG "Artemida" of Kalinov district is located within the Kozyatyn structural - denudation watershed. According to agro-soil zoning it is referred to Uladovo-Pliskovsky agro-soil district, where mainly chernozem soils are found. On the territory of the enterprise two types of soils were formed: typical chernozem and onion chernozem. Typical chernozems occupy 96% of all soils of the farm. The territory of Kalinov district, where the research area is located, the climate is temperate-continental. The sum of temperatures above 10 ° C is 2500 ° C - 2600 ° C. The duration of the period with average daily temperatures above 5 ° C is 205 days, over 10 ° - 160 days. The date of temperature transition through + 5 ° С in the direction of temperature increase falls on the first decade of April. The average annual rainfall is 476 mm on average long-term data. Most precipitation falls in the summer months. The length of the growing season is 140-160 days. At the same time periods and dry winds are quite often observed. Climatic conditions in the years of field research show that they are favorable for growing agricultural crops. crops, including potatoes. Morphological indicators of the Serpanok variety change both from the applied norms of fertilizer application and from the density of standing plants, it should be noted the following, namely that the height of plants on average increases with increasing planting rate, the number of stems in the bush is more stable their number was observed on average according to the variant at a planting rate of 50 thousand / ha. Leaf area in our experiments with increasing planting rate from 50 to 60 thousand pieces / ha also decreases. It should also be noted that the highest values of morphological characteristics of potato plants were obtained in the variants of the experiment where the application was applied: Manure 40 t / ha + NPK120, Manure 40 t / ha + NPK120 and NPK120. The highest indicators of yield, marketability, starch collection, alcohol and bioethanol yield in Serpanok variety at different planting rates (50 - 60 thousand ha) for planting on April 25 were obtained in variants with the application of both organic and mineral fertilizers (Manure 40 t / ha + NPK90, Manure 40 t / ha + NPK120).

1.Palamarchuk V.D., Kalenska S.M., Yermakova L.M., Polishchuk I.S., Polishchuk M.I. (2015). Systemy suchasnykh intensyvnykh tekhnolohii u roslynnytstvi [Systems of modern intensive technologies in crop production]. [in Ukrainian].

2.Palahniuk O.V., Polishchuk I.S. (2014). Bioenerhetychna produktyvnist sortiv kartopli zalezhno vid pozakorenevykh pidzhyvlen v umovakh Lisostepu Ukrainy [Bioenergy productivity of potato varieties depending on foliar fertilization in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Zemlia Ukrainy – potentsial prodovolchoi, enerhetychnoi ta ekolohichnoi bezpeky derzhavy. Vol. 2. C. 57–59. [in Ukrainian].

3.Bondarchuk A.A., Koltunov V.A., Kravchenko O.A. (2009). Kartoplia - vyroshchuvannia, yakist, zberezhenist [Potatoes - cultivation, quality, safety]. Kyiv: KYT [in Ukrainian].

4.Vlasenko M.Iu., Kyienko Z.B., Petrenko S.D. (2007). Shliakhy pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti nevysokykh norm mineralnykh dobryv. Kartopliarstvo Ukrainy − Potato growing in Ukraine. Kyiv. № 3-4 (8-9). 38–45. [in Ukrainian].

5.Polishchuk I.S., Polishchuk M.I. (2017). Efektyvnist orhano-mineralnoi systemy udobrennia pry vyroshchuvanni sortiv kartopli na sirykh lisovykh hruntakh v umovakh Lisostepu Pravoberezhnoho. Kartopliarstvo Ukrainy− Potato growing in Ukraine. № 1-2 (40-41). 54-59. [in Ukrainian].

6.Matsera A.V., Polishchuk I.S. (2014). Vplyv pozakorenevykh pidzhyvlen ta dobryv na formuvannia vrozhaiu bulb sortiv kartopli v umovakh Lisostepu Pravoberezhnoho. Zemlia Ukrainy – potentsial prodovolchoi, enerhetychnoi ta ekolohichnoi bezpeky derzhavy. Issue. 2. 75-79. [in Ukrainian].

7.Karmazina L. Ie., Voitseshyna N.I., Klokun T.A. (2010). Pidvyshchennia urozhainosti bulb kartopli pry zastosuvanni riznykh vydiv, norm ta sposobiv vnesennia mineralnykh dobryv [Increasing the yield of potato tubers with the use of different types, norms and methods of mineral fertilizers]. Kartopliarstvo Ukrainy− Potato growing in Ukraine. Issue. 39. 171–181. [in Ukrainian].

8.Danyliuk V., Lahush N., Mruts O. (2011). Efektyvnist udobrennia kartopli v umovakh Maloho Polissia. [Efficiency of potato fertilizer in the conditions of Maly Polissya] Visnyk Lvivskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. − Bulletin of Lviv National Agrarian University. № 15 (2). 47–51. [in Ukrainian].

9.Kravchenko A.V. (2008). Produktyvnost y kachestvo kartofelia pry yspolzovanyy yzvestkovыkh melyorantov y syderalnыkh predshestvennykov v uslovyiakh Tsentralnoho Nechernozemia [Productivity and quality of potatoes when using lime ameliorants and sidereal predecessors in the conditions of Central Non-Chernozem]. Avtoref. dys. na soysk. uchen. stepeny kand. s.-kh. nauk - spets. 06.01.09 «Rastenyevodstvo». [in Ukrainian].

10.Sharapa M.H., Voitseshyna N.I., Karmazina L.Ie. (2010). Ratsionalne vykorystannia mineralnykh dobryv pid chas vyroshchuvannia rannikh sortiv kartopli na dernovo-pidzolystykh gruntakh Polissia Ukrainy [Rational use of mineral fertilizers during the cultivation of early varieties of potatoes on sod-podzolic soils of Polissya of Ukraine]. Kartopliarstvo Ukrainy− Potato growing in Ukraine. № 1-2. 36–41. [in Ukrainian].

11.Tsytsiura Ya.H., Polishchuk M.I., Bronnikova L.F. (2020). «Hruntoznavstvo z onovamy heolohii. Chastyna II. Henezys, klasyfikatsiia ta vlastyvosti hruntiv». ["Soil science with those of geology. Part II. Genesis, classification and properties of soils "] Navchalnyi posibnyk. Vinnytsia. TOV «Druk plius». [in Ukrainian].

12.Dospekhov B.A. (1985). Metodyka polevoho oputa (s osnovamy statystycheskoi obrabotky rezultatov yssledovanyi). 5-e yzd. [Methods of field experience (with the basics of statistical processing of research results] M.: Ahropromyzdat. [in Ukrainian].

13.Metodyka derzhavnoho sortovyprobuvannia silskohospodarskykh kultur (zernovi, krupiani ta zernobobovi) (2001). [Methods of state varietal testing of agricultural crops (cereals, cereals and legumes)]/ Pid red. V.V. Vovkodava. K. 2.Issue. 2. [in Ukrainian].

14.Polishchuk M. The influence of methods and terms of application of the growth regulator Emistim С on the elements of productivity of potato varieties in the conditions of the Forest Steppe. Sciences of Europe (Praha, Czech Republic), 2021 Vol 2. № 72. Р. 3-12. [in English].

15.Polishchuk M. The effect of fertilization system on the productivity of Serpanok – early mature variety of potatoes under the conditions of right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The scientific heritage (Budapest, Hungary). 2021. Vol 3, № 68. Р. 18-28. [in English].