Agriculture and forestry

Pinchuk Natalya Vladimirovna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of botany, genetics and plant protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3; e-mail: pnv@vsau.vin.ua).

Verheles Pavlo Mykolaiiovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of botany, genetics and plant protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3; e-mail: pasha425@vsau.vin.ua).

Kovalenko Tatiana Mefodiivna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of botany, genetics and plant protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3;  e-mail: ktm@vsau.vin.ua).

Potatoes are a universal crop, also called "second bread", because the level of consumption of this vegetable in the country is very high. It is, at the same time, a foodstuff, raw material for the processing industry, high quality livestock feed and a source of cash for farms and households. In terms of consumption and geographical spread, potatoes occupy one of the leading positions in the structure of food production in Ukraine. In the Vinnytsia region, the area of potatoes occupies 115-118 thousand hectares and the average yield is 120-130 cts / ha, which is several times less potential of this crop. One of the reasons for the low yield of potatoes is the harmfulness of pests and diseases. The most common diseases of potatoes include blight, which is steadily developing and is able to reduce the yield of tubers, their quality. In Ukraine, crop losses from it account for 16-22%, and in the years of epiphytoties can reach 50%. The evaluation of plant diseases is one of the most important and often the most challenging tasks in the epidemiology of plant diseases. Damage to plants by phytophages and pathogens can very quickly result in complete loss of the crop if there is insufficient crop protection. This article confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the application of modern-day protector tubers and the use of new generation growth promoters and fungicides during the cultivation of tubers. This article confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the application of modern-day protector tubers and the use of new generation growth promoters and fungicides during the cultivation of tubers. To obtain a crop of potato varieties Povin 285,7 c/ha, which is 58,2 c/ha more than the control, it is necessary to carry out the cultivation of tubers before disembarking the detergent Emesto quantum 273,5 FS, TN, in the rate of 1.2 l of the preparation per ton of planting material, and a growth promoter of Rostock (3 l/t), as well as spraying during the vegetation of plants with fungicides Antracol 70 WP, RF (1,0 kg/ha), Nativo 75 WG, VG (0,3 kg/ha) , Infinito 687.5 SC, COP (1.0 l/ha) and Rostock Bohr and Rostock Iron (1.5 l/ha).

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