Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Razanov Serhii – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonaychna St., 3, e-mail: razanov@vsau.vin. ua). 

Nedashkivskii Volodymyr – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of safety and quality of food, raw materials and technological processes (09117, Bila Tserkva, pl. Soborna, 8/1, e-mail: profkom1967@ukr.net).

Expansion of areas for crops of entomophytic crops, including vegetables in closed soil conditions requires an increase in the number of bee colonies and increase the efficiency of pollination.  It is known that the intensity of bee pollination of entomophytic crops significantly depends on the strength of bee colonies, in particular, on the number of bees in it.  It has been proved that the creation of strong bee families is impossible without full-fledged feeding of bees, which is not always possible to organize, especially in closed soil conditions. Under such conditions, the vital activity of bees is disrupted, which negatively affects the efficiency of pollination of entomophytic greenhouse crops. It is proved that keeping bee colonies in closed soil leads to a sharp decrease in dry matter, amino acids and proteins.  At the same time, it is necessary to note a sharp decline in the development and strength of bee colonies. The results of the research showed a certain efficiency of using soy flour after its preliminary fermentation.  In particular, feeding bee colonies with soy peptone in powdered sugar increased the growth of brood by 31.6% compared to their counterparts, which included soy flour in the feed additive. Bee colonies that were not fed protein substitutes raised less brood compared to their counterparts in the first and second experimental groups, 1.1% and 29.7%, respectively. At the same time, it should be noted that keeping bee colonies in closed soil conditions significantly reduced the number of brood grown in all experimental  groups.  However, the lowest intensity of reduction was in bee colonies fed a feed mixture containing soy peptone.  There is a certain effect of feeding bee colonies with protein substitutes in the closed soil on the chemical composition of their body: to increase the content of protein, fat, ash, calcium and phosphorus.

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