Agriculture and forestry

Kovalenko Oleg Anatolyevich – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of plant growing and landscape gardening in Nikolaev National Agrarian University (54020, Nikolaev, st. Georgi Gongadze, 9. email: kovalenko_oleh@ukr.net).

The article highlights the results of studying the influence of sowing methods and herbicides on the yield and quality of chickpea crops of different varietal composition. The field research was conducted in the experimental field of the Mykolaiv State Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine. The soil of the experimental field is represented by southern black soil, slightly saline, heavy loamy with a humus content of 2.9%. The soil acidity is close to neutral (pH 7.1). The following varieties were used for sowing chickpeas: Triumph (control), Budzhak and Pamyat. The variants of application of Pulsar® 40, CP (1 l/ha); Bazagran®, BP (2 l/ha); Pivot® 10, v.r.k. (0.8 l/ha) were studied when spraying crops in the phase of 2-5 leaves of the crop under different sowing methods (row by 15 cm, wide-row by 45 cm). The methods of sowing chickpea plants significantly affect the yield level of its seeds. So, on average, for all varieties, the maximum seed yield (2.46 t/ha) was obtained when sowing with a wide-row method of culture (average according to the herbicide background). The yield increase was 0.17 t/ha or 8% compared to the usual row sowing at 15 cm. The high yield of chickpeas in this variant is characterized, first of all, by the optimal spatial and quantitative placement of plants per unit area. Higher yields in the experiment were obtained for the mid-season variety Budzhak, and the wide-row sowing method guaranteed the maximum productivity of the crop in its variant. The maximum yield of chickpea was formed by using the variety Bujak when sowing in a wide-row method with a row spacing of 45 cm and treating the crops with the herbicide Pulsar® 40, KP (1 l/ha) in the phase of 2-5 leaves of the crop and amounted to 2.68 t/ha with a protein content of 30.8%.

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