Agriculture and forestry

Vdovenko Serhiy Anatoliyovych – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Forestry, Horticulture and Viticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street. e-mail: sloi@i.ua).

Yevgeny Vasilievish Gyk – graduate student of the Department of Forestry, Horticulture, Horticulture and Viticulture of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Sonyachna St., 3. е-mail: zjenya.guk@ukr.net).

In the article, a comparative analysis of common bean varieties is carried out according to valuable economic characteristics, with the aim of further prospects for their cultivation in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the right bank of Ukraine. Research was conducted during 2022-2023 in the conditions of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University using the following varieties of common beans, namely: Slavia, Ros, Fainy Yas, Galaktika, Lastivka. Varieties were evaluated according to a number of parameters, including the duration of the growing season, the number of beans and seeds, the weight of 1000 seeds, plant height, as well as quality indicators of beans. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the main biometric indicators depend on the varietal characteristics of common beans. The largest number of beans can be obtained from the Ros bean variety with an indicator of 24.2 pieces, and the largest number of grains in a bean from the cultivation of the Lastivka and Galactica varieties (8.2 and 7.7 grains). The bean variety Fainy Yas is able to form the largest mass of 1000 seeds - 860 g, and the varieties Lastivka and Galactica have a slightly smaller mass of grain. Varieties of beans are divided into short and tall plants. Bean varieties Slavia (32 cm), Galaxy (40 cm) and Lastivka (44 cm) belong to the first group, Fainy Yas (68 cm) and Ros (52 cm) belong to the second group, and in terms of the duration of the growing season, all bean varieties had the same period, which was 116 days, except for Ros variety. The highest yield of beans is obtained when growing the Fainy Yas variety (3.8 t/ha), and when growing other varieties of beans, the yield can decrease by 11-15%. The biochemical composition of beans depends on varietal characteristics. The varieties Faina Yas and Lastivka are characterized by the highest content of dry matter with a value of 90.55-90.60%, and the varieties Ros, Galactica and Lastivka have a high protein content - 24.27%, 24.48% and 25.49%, respectively. At the same time, Ros and Fine Yas varieties are characterized by a high sugar content. In conditions of open soil, varieties are able to accumulate sugars of 9.08 and 8.98%, respectively, or to exceed the content by 1.6-1.7 times. The highest value of ash was obtained from Fainy Yas and Lastivka bean varieties, in which the indicator was 4.51 and 4.66%, respectively.

1. Gorobchuk A. (2017). Velyki perspektyvy bobovyx kultur [Great prospects for legumes]. Agrobiznes sogodni − Agribusiness today. № 22. 48-49. [in Ukrainian].

2.Doktor N.M. (2018). Efektyvnist symbiotychnoi diialnosti roslyn kvasoli zvychainoi za vnesennia mineralnykh dobryv ta inokuliatsii nasinnia [Effectiveness of symbiotic activity of common bean plants with mineral fertilizers and seed inoculation]. «Naukovi horyzonty» – «Scientific horizons». № 7–8 (70). 59–63. [in Ukrainian]

3.Kaminskyi V.F. (2006). Znachennia sortu v suchasnykh tekhnolohiiakh vyroshchuvannia zernobobovykh kultur [The value of the variety in modern technologies of growing legumes]. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo: mizhvidmczyj tematycvznyj naukovyj zbsrnyk – Fodder and fodder production: interdisciplinary subject of science coll. № 57. 84–94. [in Ukrainian]

4. Kaminskyj I.V. (2013). Potencijna yemnist vnutrishnogo rynku zernobobovyx kultur v Ukrayini [Potential capacity of the domestic market of legumes in Ukraine Visnyk Sumy nationalny agrarian unsversitetu]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Finansy i kredyt» − Bulletin of the Sumy National Agrarian University. Finance and Credit Series. Issue. 1. 101–108. [in Ukrainian].

5. Mazur V.A., Didur I.M., Tkachuk O.P., Pantsyreva H.V. (2021). Ahroekolohichna stiikist sortiv kvasoli zvychainoi do nespryiatlyvykh umov vehetatsii [Agroecological resistance of common bean varieties to adverse growing conditions]. Naukovi dopovidi Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy – Scientific reports of the National University of Life Resources and Environmental Management of Ukraine. № 2 (90). 21–32. URL: https://doi.org/10.31548/ dopovidi2021.02.006.[in Ukrainian].

6. Poiedyntseva A.A. (2019).Osnovni khvoroby kvasoli v Ukraini. shkidlyvist i zakhody zakhystu [The main diseases of beans in Ukraine. harmfulness and protective measures]. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Fitopatolohiia ta entomolohiia» – Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University. Series "Phytopathology and entomology». № 1–2. 127–133. [in Ukrainian].

7. Polyans`ka L., Chaly`j O., Gutorova O., Svy`ry`dov O. (2012). Kvasolya v suchasny`x umovax gospodaryuvannya [Beans in modern economic conditions] Fermerske gospodarstvo − Farming. № 46. 19. [in Ukrainian].

8. Sichkar V.I. (2016). Zernobobovi kultury v Ukrayini: shho vy`roshhuvaty ? [Legumes in Ukraine: what to grow?]. Agrobiznes sogodni − Agribusiness today. № 21. 26–30. [in Ukrainian].

9. Holokhorynska M.H., Velychko S.I., Vykhrystiuk M.A., Ovcharuk O.V. (2005). Stvorennia novykh sortiv kvasoli ta yikh vprovadzhennia u vyrobnytstvo [Creation of new varieties of beans and their introduction into production] Selektsiia i nasinnytstvo: mizhvid. temat. nauk. zb. In-t roslynnytstva im. V.Ia. Yurieva UAAN – Breeding and seed production: interdisciplinary. subject of science coll. Plantation Institute named after V.Ya. Yuryeva, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. № 9. [in Ukrainian].

10. Sylenko S.I. (2010). Analiz sortozrazkiv kvasoli zvychainoi za prydatnistiu do mekhanizovanoho zbyrannia urozhaiu [Analysis of variety samples of common beans according to their suitability for mechanized harvesting]. Visnyk Poltavskoi derzhavnoi ahrarnoi akademii – Bulletin of the Poltava State Agrarian Academy. № 3. 68–71. [in Ukrainian].

11. Sych Z.D., Kutovenko V.B. (2009). Pidbir sortiv kvasoli vytkoi dlia umov Pravoberezhnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy [Selection of varieties of string beans for the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy − Scientific Bulletin of the National University of Life Resources and Environmental Management of Ukraine. Issue. 13. 333–355. [in Ukrainian].

12.Ovcharuk O.V. (2014). Ahroekolohichna kharakterystyka sortiv kvasoli zvychainoi ta yikh produktyvnist v umovakh Zakhidnoho Lisostepu [Agroecological characteristics of common bean varieties and their productivity in the conditions of the Western Forest Steppe]. Zbirnyk naukovych prac Umanskoho nacionalnogo. uniwersytetu sadivnytstva – Collection of sciences. Ave. Umanskiy nats. University of Horticulture. № 84. 107–112. [in Ukrainian].

13. Chynchyk O.S., Olifirovych S.I., Olifirovych V.O. (2021).Tryvalist vehetatsii ta produktyvnist sortiv kvasoli zvychainoi v umovakh Pivdennoi chastyny Lisostepu zakhidnoho [Vegetation duration and productivity of common bean varieties in the conditions of the Southern part of the Western Forest Steppe]. Ahrobiolohiia – Agrobiology. № 1. 166–172. DOI: 10.33245/2310-9270-2021-163-1- 166-172. [in Ukrainian].