Agriculture and forestry

Akhmad Al Sheikh Kaddur – Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Dean of the Technical Faculty of the University of Aleppo, Syria (e-mail: asheikhkadour@Gmail.com).

Zhemoida Vitalii – candidate of Agricultural  Sciences, Associate Professor of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production. prof. M.O. Zelensky department, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (03041, Kiev,  Silskohospodarskyy l. 1, f. 29, e-mail: wisena.seeds@gmail.com).

Makarchuk Oleksandr – candidate of Agricultural  Sciences, acting manager of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production. prof. M.O. Zelensky department, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (03041, Kiev, Generala Rodimtceva str. 1a, e-mail: mcar2010@ukr.net). 

Alokhin Volodymyr Illich – candidate of Agricultural  Sciences, Associate Professor of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production. prof. M.O. Zelensky department, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (03041, Kiev,  Silskohospodarskyy l. 1, f. 29, e-mail: wisena.seeds@gmail.com).

The efficiency of selection work depends on the availability of the source maize material with genetic diversity, high combination ability and a set of economically valuable traits. Modern maize hybrids are created using only a small portion of gene plasma. Only 5-8% of the species maize diversity is used in the modern breeding process. Of great importance for successful breeding research and effective selection is the introduced material, especially from different parts of the globe. Each form, line, variety or hybrid is characterized by a set of many features and properties. The most important of them change more under the influence of adaptation, when grown in new conditions. Scientists of the Department of genetics, breeding and seed production named after prof. M.O. Zelensky NULES of Ukraine have been working together with the Department of Crop Production of the University of Aleppo (Syrian Arab Republic) for more than 20 years to expand the gene pool, developed a scheme, methods of approaches to the introduced forms for their analysis, testing, selection, followed by the creation of both source material and the creation of high-yielding hybrids in Ukraine and Syria. The article presents materials that highlight the importance of different approaches to the selection of source material, genetic sources, as well as the importance of the new gene plasma in the creation of self-pollinating lines, its preservation and subsequent use in breeding programs. The results of many years of research and reports of their results provide an opportunity to summarize the indicators of the migration effect from one area to another. It is established that the use maize samples of Syrian origin begins with overcoming the low cold resistance and slowed down the initial growth of maize. That is why the original forms of Syrian selection when grown in the conditions of "VP ADS NULES of Ukraine" (Pshenichne village, Vasylkiv district, Kyiv region) have a long growing season and late emergence of panicles. This shortcoming can be eliminated only by selection. The authors have developed proposals for a joint research program, test methods, recommended scheme of work with the original material of Syrian and Ukrainian maize selection.

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