Agriculture and forestry

Didur Ihor Mykolayovych – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Acting the director of the Institute of Agricultural Technologies and Nature Management of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: didurihor@gmail.com).

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Production and Horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, email: tsiganskiyslava@gmail.com).

The process of photosynthesis and the intensity of its work are the basis of the formation of productivity and the level of productivity of agrophytocenoses of agricultural crops, including soybeans. One of the main tasks of modern intensive cultivation technologies is the creation of optimal conditions for the development of the assimilation surface, its long-term operation and the maximum accumulation of organic matter by plants. This scientific article presents the results of field research on the impact of biological preparations of different mechanisms of action created on the basis of phosphorus and potassium mobilizing and mycorrhizal forming bacteria on the photosynthetic productivity of soybean crops at different levels of mineral fertilization, namely on the dynamics of the leaf surface area, the formation of the photosynthetic potential of crops and net productivity of photosynthesis. Field research was conducted on gray forest medium-loamy soils at the experimental field of the Agronomic Research Field of VNAU during 2017-2021. According to the results of the research and the processing of the obtained data, it was established that the use of Groundfix soil biofertilizer at the rate of 5 l/ha during the pre-sowing cultivation period and the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the biological preparation Micofrend at the rate of 1,5 l/t against the background of complete mineral fertilization ensured the formation of the maximum in the experiment the area of the assimilation surface was 40,4 thousand m2/ha, which exceeded the control by 11,6 thousand m2/ha. In addition, based on the calculations, it was found that this version of fertilizer provided the formation of the highest photosynthetic potential in the experiment at the level of 3,153 million m2 days/ha, and the net productivity of photosynthesis, which, depending on the interphase period, was 5,44, 2,16, 1,76, 2,53 and 1,34 g/m2 per day. The article also provides the results of correlation calculations of the closeness of the connection between the area of the leaf surface, the amount of accumulated dry matter and the level of productivity.

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