Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Tsytsiura Yaroslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Soil Management, Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. (21008, Vinnytsia town, Soniachna st., build 5/42, e-mail: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net).

Kovalchuk Yurii – a postgraduate student of the of Soil Management, Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: yura.kov2016@gmail.com).

In the article the results of studying of features of role of trace elements in the formation of the quality indicators of seeds of oilseed radish in two varieties are reflected. Systematized the views of various researchers on the processes of formation of oil content in cruciferous crops in general and radish oilseed in particular, given the current strategy of fertilizer oilseed crops of the family Cruciferae. Studied feature of the stages of the implementation and effectiveness of mono-component micronutrients in the form of easily soluble and readily available substances.  The studied set of microelements included the recommended list of physiologically important components of modern microfertilizer formats and their chemical composition in order to optimally analyze the effectiveness of application for their single application in two key phases of oilseed radish – the phenological phase of stalking and the phenological phase of flowering. The use of each of micronutrients was effective and substantial compared to the oil content of seeds of both cultivars of oilseed radish given the level of oil content in seeds in control variant. The magnitude of the variation in the oil index was estimated taking into account the differences in the nature of the hydrothermal regimes of the research period. This allowed to determine the degree of genotypic nature of the formation of the oil content of seeds in oilseed radish and the possibility and effectiveness of selection of appropriate genotypes with the prospect of obtaining oil in the technical direction of use. Also assessed the role of individual micronutrients in the magnitude of the volatility of oil content in seeds of oilseed radish. Determined that the increase of oil content in seeds of oilseed radish the addition of various trace elements in the range of 0.3-1.4% from the close dynamic the resulting effective action on the formation of this indicator in the form of Сo>Zn>Cu>B>Mn>Mo. It is proved that the efficacy of these minerals increases with introducing them into the flowering stage, which is a critical period regarding the implementation of the reproductive potential of the plants of oilseed radish and the formation of appropriate indicators of the quality of its seeds. The recommendations for further research in the field of optimization of fertilizer radish seeds and micronutrients were formulated.

1.Mazur V. A., Matsera O. O. (2019). Analiz zminy yakisnykh pokaznykiv nasinnya ozymoho ripaku zalezhno vid strokiv posivu ta systemy udobrennya [Analysis of changes in the quality of winter rapeseed depending on the timing of sowing and fertilizer system]. Sil's'ke hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo: zb. nauk. pr. VNAU – Agriculture and forestry: a collection of scientific works of VNAU. № 12.  5–17. [in Ukrainian]. 

2.Rakhmetov D.B., Kozlenko O.M. (2010). Produktyvnist yarykh oliinykh kultur v Pravoberezhnomu Lisostepu Ukrainy [The roductivity of spring oilseeds in the conditions of right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine]. Naukovi dopovidi NUBiP – Scientific reports of NUBiP. Issue. 3 (19). 16-25 [in Ukrainian]. 

3.Volkodav V. V., Savchuk Yu. M. (2014). Zalezhnist` nasinnyevoyi produkty`vnosti ripaku ozy`mogo vidstrokiv sivby` ta mikrodobry`v [Dependence of seed productivity of winter rape on sowing dates and microfertilizers]. Sortovy`vchennya taoxorona prav na sorty` rosly`n – Variety study and protection of plant variety rights. № 2 (23). 37–39 [in Ukrainian].

4.Belyk N.L. (1994). Rost i razvitie redki maslichnoy pri vnesenii mineralnyih udobreniy [The effect of the depth of seeding into the soil on the productivity of oilseed radish]. Biologiya i ekologiya kulturnyih i dikorastuschih rasteniy – Biology and ecology of cultivated and wild plants [in Russian].

5.Kozlenko O.M. (2011). Produktyvnist yarykh oliinykh kultur zalezhno vid tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia v Pravoberezhnomu Lisostepu Ukrainy [Productivity of spring oilseeds on the basis of growing technology in the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine]: dys. … na zdobuttya nauk. stupenya kand. s.-g. nauk, specialnist.: 06.01.09. – Roslynnycztvo. nauk. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian]. 

6.Peshkova A.A., Dorofeev N.V. (2008). Byolohycheskye osobennosty y tekhnolohyia vozdelыvanyia redky maslychnoi [Biological features and technology of cultivation of oilseed radish]. [in Russian].

7.Voloshyn E.Y. (2017). Rukovodstvo po udobrenyiu kapustnыkh kultur (iarovoho rapsa, surepytsы, horchytsы y redky maslychnoi) [Guide to fertilizing cabbage crops (spring rapeseed, rape, mustard and oilseed radish]. [in Russian].

8.Shpaar D. [y dr.] (2007). Raps y surepytsa [Rapeseed and rape]. [in Russian]. 

9.Peive Ya.V. (1980). Ahrokhymyia y byokhymyia mykroэlementov. Yzbrannыe trudы [Agrochemistry and biochemistry of trace elements. Selected Works]. [in Russian]. 

10.Okhrymenko M.F., Kuzmenko A.N., Syvak L.A. (1987). Mykroэlementы: postuplenye, transport y fyzyolohycheskye funktsyy v rastenyiakh [Trace elements: admission, transport and physiological functions in plants]. [in Russian].

11.Kharchebnykov V.V. (2012). Osnovnyie elementyi tehnologii vozdelyivaniya redki maslichnoy na semena i zelenuyu massu v lesostepi Novosibirskogo Priobya [The main elements of the technology of cultivation of radish oilseeds for seeds and green mass in the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk Region]: abstract of thesis 06.01.01. Novosybyrsk [in Russian].

12.Tsytsyura Ya.H.  (2019). Rol' mikroelementiv u systemi udobrennya red'ky oliynoyi u Lisostepu Pravoberezhnomu [The role of microelements in the system of oil radish fertilization in the Right Bank Forest-Steppe]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats' VNAU. Sil's'ke hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Collection of scientific works of VNAU. Agriculture and forestry. № 13. 54-67. [in Ukrainian]. 

13.Metodycheskye ukazanyia po prymenenyiu mykroudobrenyi pry yntensyvnoi tekhnolohyy vozdelыvanyia selskokhoziaistvennыkh kultur (1987). [Guidelines for the use of micronutrients in intensive cultivation of crops]. [in Russian]. 

14.Saiko V. F. (2011). Osoblyvosti provedennia doslidzhen z khrestotsvitymy oliinymy kulturamy [Features of conducting studies with cruciferous oilseeds]. [in Ukrainian].

15.Dospekhov B.A. (1985). Metodyka polevoho opыta (s osnovamy statys.tycheskoi obrabotky rezultatov yssledovanyi). 5-e yzd., dop. y pererab [Field experiment technique (with the basics of statistic processing of the research results)]. 5th ed. [in Russian].