Agriculture and forestry

Hanna Pantsyreva – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, Associate Professor of the Department of Forestry and Horticulture, Faculty of Ecology, Forestry and Horticulture, Educational and Scientific Institute of Agricultural Technologies and Nature Management of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: apantsyreva@ukr.net).

The article presents a scientific and experimental study on the development of technological techniques for growing soybean phytocenoses using biological preparations for pre-sowing seed treatment and a retardant during the growing season. It was established that the use of biological preparations for pre-sowing treatment of seeds and retardants during the growing season makes it possible to reasonably approach the planning of agricultural techniques of cultivation on the basis of soil conservation in conditions of climatic changes. The main goal of the study is to study the patterns of manifestation and formation of elements of productivity and yield level of soybean varieties Azimut and Golubka depending on the variety composition, pre-sowing seed treatment with a bacterial preparation and retardant concentration. During 2018–2022, a three-factor experiment was established in the conditions of the Vinnytsia region (Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine). The material of the research was soybean varieties of domestic selection – Azimut and Golubka, which were studied according to the following scheme of the field experiment: control (without treatment), seed inoculation (treatment of seed material with the biological preparation Rhyzohumin), concentration of retardant (without treatment, 0,5 %, 0,75 % and 1,0 % solution). Variants of the experiment were placed by a randomized method in four repetitions. Field and laboratory studies were conducted on the following indicators: yield, fat and crude protein content according to generally accepted methods. According to the manifestation of the studied signs, the option with seed treatment with the bacterial preparation Rhyzogumin and two-time treatment of crops with the chlormequat-chloride retardant was selected: the first – in the phase of the 3rd trifoliate leaf, the second – in the budding phase. The influence of the bacterial preparation and the retardant on increasing the seed productivity of soybean compared to the control was established. Statistical processing of yield data according to experiment options was carried out using variance analysis. The share of influence of variety factors, seed treatment and retardant concentration on the yield level was determined. The best variants of the experiment with high indicators of the quality of seed products are recommended. The relevance of the article is strengthened by the task of applied research on the topic: «Development of scientific and technological support for increasing soil fertility and rational use of the potential of biological resources» (state registration number: 0124U000444).

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