Agriculture and forestry

Amons Sergey – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3, Soniachna Str., e-mail: sergeyamons@gmail.com).

Over the course of two vegetation seasons of winter rape cultivation, a comprehensive assessment of the fertilization effectiveness was carried out for various foliar fertilization options using complex chelated micronutrient fertilizers at the budding stage. An innovative physiological indication method was applied, based on the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence with detailed analysis of the Kautsky curve and determination of its core parameters such as F0 – minimal (initial) fluorescence, Fpl – fluorescence induction 'plateau' value, Fm – maximal fluorescence, Fst – steady-state fluorescence, as well as nine derived indicators calculated on their basis within a unified methodological analysis cycle. Graphical interpretation of the results was carried out with the construction of averaged chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI) graphs for each variant of micronutrient fertilizer application. A summary table of derivative indicators based on the standard European protocol for chlorophyll fluorescence analysis was compiled, emphasizing its importance for evaluating the physiological condition of plant organisms. It was determined that winter rape plants exhibit a distinct response to the optimization of mineral nutrition conditions, including foliar fertilization systems. This allows the identification of the optimal variant both in terms of predicted productivity increase and enhancement of plant adaptability and stress resistance, as well as development of an efficient photosystem and realization of the plant's genetic potential. It was found that various micronutrient fertilizers significantly affect photosystem activity and its efficiency, with a range of 5.5% to 26.4% among the tested fertilizers. This provides grounds for identifying specific types and subtypes of fertilizers based on nutrient ratios and chemical composition. Based on this comprehensive evaluation, it was concluded that among the three tested micronutrient fertilizers—Avangard Rape, Yarilo Oilseed, and Helprost Rape—the application of Helprost Rape demonstrated the highest physiological efficiency in supporting the functioning of the assimilation surface and improving plant stress resistance and adaptability.

1. Gao L., Wang C., Wu A. (2024). Effect of layered fertilizer strategies on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) productivity and soil macropore characteristics under mechanical direct-sowing. Scientific Reports. Vol. 14. 25457. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76077-7. [in English].

2. Wu X., Wu J., Zhou B., Hong B., Zhao D., Guan M. (2024). Effects of Fertilization Patterns on the Growth of Rapeseed Seedlings and Rhizosphere Microorganisms under Flooding Stress. Agronomy. Vol. 14. №3. 525. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030525. [in English].

3. Kurach O.V., Lukashchuk L.Ya., Zlotenko O.Yu., Hen S.P. (2023). Optymizatsiia udobrennia ta pozakorenevoho pidzhyvlennia ripaku ozymoho (Brassica napus L.) v umovakh Zakhidnoho Polissia [Optimisation of fertilisation and foliar feeding of winter rape (Brassica napus L.) in Western Polissya]. Zernovi kultury – Cereal crops. Vol. 7. № 1. 98–105. https://doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0264 [in Ukrainian].

4. Tsytsiura Ya.H., Tomchuk O.M . (2023). Vmist olii u nasinni ripaku ozymoho zalezhno vid zastosovanykh mikroelementiv u pozakorenevi pidzhyvlennia [Oil content in winter rape seeds depending on the microelements applied in foliar feeding]. Silske hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Agriculture and forestry. № 2 (29). 5–17. DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2023-2-1.[in Ukrainian].

5. Tsytsiura Ya.H., Tomchuk O.M. (2023). Indykatsiia systemy zhyvlennia ripaku ozymoho za pokaznykamy induktsii fluorestsentsii khlorofilu [Indication of winter rape nutrition system by chlorophyll fluorescence induction]. Ahrarni innovatsii – Agricultural innovations. № (21). 110–118. DOI https://doi.org/10.32848/agrar.innov.2023.21.17 [in Ukrainian].

6. Zabarna T. A. (2020). Perezymivlia ozymoho ripaku zalezhno vid faktoriv intensyfikatsii v umovakh Lisostepu pravoberezhnoho [Wintering of winter rape depending on intensification factors in the right-bank forest-steppe]. Annali d’Italia. Vol. 2. № 7. 3–10. [in Ukrainian].

7. Mazur V. A., Matsera O. O. (2019). Analiz zminy yakisnykh pokaznykiv nasinnia ozymoho ripaku zalezhno vid strokiv posivu ta systemy udobrennia [Analysis of changes in quality parameters of winter rape seeds depending on sowing time and fertilisation system]. Silske hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Agriculture and forestry. № 1 (12). 5–17. DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2019-1-1 [in Ukrainian].

8. Korniichuk O. V., Yurchuk S. S. (2023). Vplyv pohodno-klimatychnykh parametriv na urozhainist nasinnia ripaku ozymoho [Influence of weather and climatic parameters on the yield of winter rape seeds]. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo – Feed and fodder production. № 95. 74–87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo202395-06 [in Ukrainian].

9. Brestic M., Zivcak M. (2013). PSII fluorescence techniques for measurement of drought and high temperature stress signal in plants: protocols and applications. In: Rout G. R., Das A. B. (eds.) Molecular stress physiology of plants. Springer Dordrecht. Р. 87–131. DOI: 10.1007/978-81-322-0807-5_4. [in English].

10. Magney T. S., Barnes M. L., Yang X. (2020). On the covariation of chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis across scales. Geophysical Research Letters. Vol. 47. e 2020GL091098. [in English].

11. Moustakas M., Calatayud A., Guidi L. (2021). Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging analysis in biotic and abiotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. Vol. 12. e 658500. [in English].

12. Savchuk Yu. M., Antonenko O. F. (2016). Zmina induktsii fluorestsentsii khlorofilu u roslyn ripaku ozymoho zalezhno vid mikrodobryv [Changes in the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence in winter rape plants depending on microfertilisers.]. Naukovi dopovidi Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy – Scientific reports of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. № 5. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/Nd_2016_5_14 [in Ukrainian].

13. Zuza S.H., Pohromska Ya.A., Zuza V.O. (2010). Zastosuvannia metodu induktsii fluorestsentsii khlorofilu pry vyvchenni vplyvu nekorenevoho pidzhyvlennia kukurudzy karbamidom [Application of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction method in studying the effect of foliar feeding of maize with urea]. Visnyk Donetskoho Natsionalnoho Universytetu. Ser. A: Pryrodnychi nauky – Bulletin of Donetsk National University. Ser. A: Natural sciences. № 2. 238–243. [in Ukrainian].

14. Portatyvnyi fluorometr «Floratest» (nastanova z ekspluatatsii) (2011). [Portable fluorometer ‘Floratest’ (instruction manual)]. Instytut kibernetyky imeni V. M. Hlushkova NAN Ukrainy. 27. [in Ukrainian].

15. Wang C., Yang J., Chen W. (2023). Contribution of the leaf and silique photosynthesis to the seeds yield and quality of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in reproductive stage. Science Reports. Vol. 13. e 4721. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31872-6 [in English].