Agriculture and forestry

Mazur Viktor Anatoliyovych – Сand. of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of plant production, selection and bioenergetic cultures, rector of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, vice-president of the All-Ukrainian scientific-training consortium (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

Mamaliga Vasyl Stepanovich – Cand. biology Sciences, prof. Department of Botany, Genetics and Plant Protection of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

Polishchuk Ivan Semenovich – Cand. of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, head of the department of plant production, selection and bioenergetic cultures of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: iv.polishuk@yandex.ru)

Mazur Aleksandr Vasylovych – Cand. of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the department of plant production, selection and bioenergetic cultures of the Vinnytsia national agrarian university (21008, Vinnytsia, 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3, e-mail: vd@vsau.vin.ua).

The article presents the results of the environmental performance of a diesel engine when operating on various types of biodiesel made on the basis of rapeseed, soybean and high-viscose sunflower oil. According to the obtained research results, it was found that during diesel operation at various types of biodiesel compared with diesel fuel, there is a decrease in emissions of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (CO and CO2), as well as emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned molecular fragments (CH) and a decrease in smoke gases. Given the environmental performance, the various types of biodiesel produced do not require adjustments to adjust the engine fuel system.

During diesel engine operation on mineral fuels and various types of biofuels, CO2 and CO emissions are reduced from 6.6% to 5.2% and from 0.25 to 0.15%. The lowest emissions of dioxide and carbon monoxide were obtained on biofuel from a high-oleic sunflower. Above these figures were biodiesel from rapeseed and soybean oil. The good quality of the process in the combustion chamber working on various types of biofuels indicates a significant reduction in emissions of nitrogen oxides, which reaches 2.5% on biodiesel from high-viscosity sunflower. This concerns emissions of unburned fragments of molecules (CH) on various types of biofuels compared with when working on mineral diesel, where emissions of hydrocarbon fragments are almost absent.

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