Agriculture and forestry

Tsyhanskyi Viacheslav – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Plant Production and horticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Soniachna Str. 3, Vinnytsia, e–mail: tsiganskiyslava@gmail.com).

Mykhailiuk Oleksandr – graduate student of the Department of Plant Production and horticulture of VNAU (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna St., 0960368054).

During the two-year research cycle, the dynamics of aboveground phytomass formation of hybrids of different maturity groups (FAO 200, 300 and 400) was assessed with the evaluation of the indicator in terms of raw biomass and conversion to dry matter). The assessment included dynamic phenostage accounting of the indicator in the context of 5 phenological phases (7-leaf stage (ВВСН 17-18), 12-13 leaf stage (ВВСН 27-28), cob flowering stage (ВВСН 63-65), milk grain maturity (ВВСН 75-77), physiological grain maturity (ВВСН 87-88)). In addition to the accounting of plant phytomass in the dynamics, foliar fertilisation with Vuksal microplant microfertiliser was applied with the distribution of single and binary application. According to the results of the conducted research, the peculiarities of the dynamics of formation of aboveground phytomass of high-intensity hybrids of different maturity groups for multipurpose use were determined, which allowed to determine the peculiarities of this process with a general extension of the plant growing season. The share of influence in the growth of phytomass from the use of foliar fertilisation with a distance from the phase of seed ripening and formation to the maximum technological reach of this stage in a single or combined variant was also determined. The level of yield of maize hybrids was estimated from the perspective of their implementation in the region of research under conditions of unstable moisture on grey forest soils and a conclusion was made about their real production yield potential in accordance with the conditions of declaration by the originator. Based on the comparison of the value of the formed aboveground phytomass of plants of hybrids of different maturity groups at the corresponding phenostages of accounting with the determined grain yield in the same two-year data set, the nature of determination of the characteristics of vegetative mass and grain yield of maize is determined and the possibilities of technological solutions in the development of technologies for growing maize under the predicted dual use (grain, silage (biomass for biogas production)), taking into account additional fertilisation options in the form of foliar fertilisation. The possibility of obtaining both high yields of phytomass and high grain yields under the same technological conditions of growing maize hybrids of different maturity groups with the level of determination of the relationship of this pair of traits at least 73% and the maximum level not less than 94% was statistically proved.

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