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Agriculture and forestry

space SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS OF VINNITSA NATIONAL AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY

Issue №: 2 (29)

Published: 2023.06.02
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2023-2


Description:
The issue of the magazine is devoted to the optimization of technological methods of growing agricultural crops. An important role is given to the impact of leguminous crops on increasing soil fertility, leguminous breeding, ecology and environmental protection, and the introduction of ornamental plants.

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CONTENT OF NITRATES IN SUNFLOWER SEEDS AND ITS PROCESSING PRODUCTS WHEN GROWN ON GRAY FOREST SOILS

DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826-2023-2-11
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Hutsol Galina Vasylivna − Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. (St. Sonyachna, 3, Vinnytsia city, 21008. tel. 0680409707. e-mail: gucolg@ukr.net).

Mazur Olga Viktorivna − graduate student, assistant at the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. (St. Sonyachna, 3, Vinnytsia city, 21008. tel. 0985999586. e-mail: mad12olya@gmail.com).

Annotation

The excessive accumulation of nitrates in plant products is a consequence of the uncontrolled application of high and ultra-high rates of mineral fertilizers, in particular, nitrogen fertilizers that contain nitrate nitrogen. During the last decades in Ukraine, intensive farming measures are used everywhere in agriculture, which are determined by the introduction of high and often unbalanced rates of mineral fertilizers. This led to an increase in the content of nitrates in field crops, in particular in grain, oil and other technical crops. With the targeted use of mineral fertilizers, it is possible to increase the content of nitrates both in sunflower seeds and in the products of its processing: oil, fusi oil, and meal. One of the important factors in preventing the accumulation of nitrates in plant products is the periodic agrochemical and agroecological monitoring of soils in order to identify imbalances in the content of nutrients, changes in acidity, humus, and the content of other substances. The purpose of the research is to determine the content of nitrates in sunflower seeds and their processing products: fusi from oil and meal, taking into account the indicators of the agrochemical composition of the gray forest soil. The research was conducted during 2021-2022 on the production crops of FG "Zorya Vasylivka" village. Vasylivka, Vinnytsia district, Vinnytsia region. The laboratory analysis of the agrochemical composition of the soil according to the indicators of humus content, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, pH reaction of the soil solution was carried out at the Zhytomyr branch of the State Institution "Derzhgruntokhorona" (Institute of Soil Protection of Ukraine) according to standard methods. Laboratory analyzes of the content of nitrates in sunflower seeds, fuschia and meal were carried out at the Vinnytsia branch of the State Institution "Derzhgruntokhorona" (Institute of Soil Protection of Ukraine) according to standard methods. In the conditions of the right-bank forest-steppe, when growing sunflowers on gray forest medium-loamy soils with a low provision of easily hydrolyzable nitrogen, medium - mobile phosphorus and high - exchangeable potassium when N45P45K45 is applied under its sowing, the nitrate content in sunflower seeds is 32.2 mg/kg, which in 9 ,3 times less than the maximum permissible concentration. At the same time, when making meal from sunflower seeds, the nitrate content in it increases by 47%, which requires additional control when using it for fodder purposes. And the content of nitrates in sunflower oil fuzz is 24% lower than in sunflower seeds, which makes it safer for feed use than meal.

Keywords: sunflower, seeds, fus, meal, nitrates, content, soil, agrochemical composition.

List of references

1.Mazur V.A., Tkachuk O.P., Yakovets L.A. (2022). Nitraty: znyzhennya zabrudnennya zernovoyi i zernobobovoyi produktsiyi: monohrafiya [Nitrates: reduction of contamination of grain and leguminous products: monograph]. Vinnytsia: "Druk" LLC. [in Ukrainian].

2.Mazur V. A., Tkachuk O. P., Yakovets L. A. (2020). Ekolohichna bezpeka zernovoyi ta zernobobovoyi produktsiyi [Ecological safety of grain and leguminous products]: monohrafiya, Vinnytsia: Works. [in Ukrainian].

3.Yakovets L.A. (2019). Osoblyvosti vmistu nitrativ u silʹsʹkohospodarsʹkykh kulʹturakh, vyroshchenykh v umovakh Lisostepu Pravoberezhnoho [Peculiarities of nitrate content in agricultural crops grown in the conditions of the Pravoberezhny Forest-Steppe]. Podilʹsʹkyy visnyk: silʹsʹke hospodarstvo, tekhnika, ekonomika – Podilsky Visnyk: agriculture, technology, economy. Kamianets-Podilskyi. Issue 31. P. 37-43. [in Ukrainian].

4.Tkachuk O.P., Vergelis V.I. (2022). Vmist bilka ta nitrativ u zerni kukurudzy i nasinni sonyashnyku pry yikh vyroshchuvanni na skhylovykh zemlyakh [The content of protein and nitrates in corn grains and sunflower seeds during their cultivation on sloping lands]. Podilʹsʹkyy visnyk: silʹsʹke hospodarstvo, tekhnika, ekonomika – Podilsky Visnyk: agriculture, technology, economy. №. 1 (36). P. 21-27. [in Ukrainian].

5.Kuts T.V. (2009). Vyrobnytstvo ta pererobka oliynykh kulʹtur v Ukrayini [Production and processing of oil crops in Ukraine]. Naukovyy visnyk natsionalʹnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannya Ukrayiny – Scientific Bulletin of the National University of Bioresources and Nature Management of Ukraine. № 141. P. 156-161. [in Ukrainian].

6.Mazur V.A., Didur I.M., Tsyganskyi V.I., Malamura S.V. (2020). Formuvannya produktyvnosti hibrydiv sonyashnyka zalezhno vid rivnya udobrennya ta umov zvolozhennya [Formation of productivity of sunflower hybrids depending on the level of fertilization and moisture conditions]. Silʹsʹke hospodarstvo ta lisivnytstvo – Agriculture and forestry. №. 19. P. 208-220. [in Ukrainian].

7.Totsky V.M., Polyakov O.I. (2011). Vplyv mineralʹnykh dobryv na pokaznyky produktyvnosti ta yakosti nasinnya hibrydiv sonyashnyku [Influence of mineral fertilizers on productivity and seed quality indicators of sunflower hybrids]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyy byuletenʹ Instytutu oliynykh kulʹtur NAAN – Scientific and technical bulletin of the Institute of Oil Crops of the National Academy of Sciences. № 14. P. 232-233. [in Ukrainian].

8.Tsyganenko O.I. (2019). Nitraty v kharchovykh produktakh [Nitrates in food products]. Kyiv: Health. P. 102-103. [in Ukrainian].

9.Vmist nitrativ u kharchovykh produktakh [Nitrate content in food products]. URL: https://www.bestreferat.ru/referat-221926.html (access date 04/30/2023). [in Ukrainian].

10.Mekhanizm vplyvu nitrativ na orhanizm lyudyny [The mechanism of the effect of nitrates on the human body]. URL: http://www.consumer-cv.gov.ua/mehanizm-vplyvu-nitrytiv-na-organizm-lyudyny/ (date of application 04/30/2023). [in Ukrainian].

11.Vse pro nitraty [All about nitrates]. URL: http://myrgorod.pl.ua/news/vse-pro-nitraty (access date 04/30/2023). [in Ukrainian].

12.Pro metody vidboru zrazkiv dlya vyznachennya maksymalʹno dopustymykh rivniv nitrativ u deyakykh kharchovykh produktakh dlya tsiley derzhavnoho kontrolyu [About sampling methods for determining the maximum permissible levels of nitrates in some food products for the purposes of state control]. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z020719?fbclid=IwAR0FBahOJa zOUd DeHO UxcNqToLvLqZ25Xhilr_L4_jIe6fi4UKkSB9VPYnQ#Text (access date 18/01/2022). [in Ukrainian].

13.DSTU ISO 10381-1:2004. Yakistʹ gruntu (2006). Vidbyrannya prob. Chastyna 1. Nastanovy shchodo skladannya prohram vidbyrannya prob [DSTU ISO 10381-1:2004. Soil quality. Sampling of samples. Part 1. Guidelines for drawing up sampling programs]. [Effective from 2006/04/01]. K.: Derzhspozhivstandard of Ukraine, 36 p. [in Ukrainian].

14.Hrupuvannya gruntiv za ahrokhimichnym skladom [Grouping of soils by agrochemical composition]. URL: http://ibhb.chnu.edu.ua/dpt/soilscience/korisni-materiali/grupuvannia-gruntiv-za-riznomanitnimi-pokaznikami (access date 04/30/2023). [in Ukrainian].

15.DSTU 4117:2007. (2007). Zerno ta produkty yoho pererobky. Vyznachennya pokaznykiv yakosti metodom infrachervonoyi spektroskopiyi [DSTU 4117:2007. Grain and products of its processing. Determination of quality indicators by the method of infrared spectroscopy] (effective from 01.08.2007). Kyiv: Subsidiary enterprise of JSC "Bread of Ukraine" "Kyiv Institute of Bread Products", 7 p. [in Ukrainian].

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About journal

Topics of the journal:

Topics of the Journal:

Program goals (basic principles): questions of technology and efficiency of crop production, scientific and industrial aspects of agronomic specialties, ecology and forestry.

Articles on such scientific problems are accepted for printing:

Plant production, current state and prospects for development.

Agrochemistry and modern aspects of fertilizers and biologically active substances application.

Feed production, current state and prospects for development.

Selection, seed production, seed science and varieties.

Protection of plants.

Soil managment and soil quality improvement.

Forestry and gardening.

Vegetables and mushrooms, current status and development trends.

Ecology and environmental protection.

Theory and history of agricultural sciences and forestry.

Modern directions of development of arable land and forestry.

Innovative and investment activities in agriculture and forestry.

Directions and efficiency of crop production

Bioenergy resources of crop production and forestry.

Production of renewable energy from biological resources.

Organic farming, the main area of development and production of organic products.

Agriculture and modern crop rotation and soil cultivation.

Horticulture and viticulture.

Processing and storage of crop products.

Beekeeping, current status and development trends.

Contemporary biological research in crop production and forestry.

Progressive technologies of the agricultural complex.

Psychological and pedagogical problems of agrarian education.

The young scientist opinion.

 

Key information:
ISSN (print): 2707-5826
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826
Key information:
ISSN (print): 2707-5826
DOI: 10.37128/2707-5826
Scientific journal "AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY" was founded  in 1995;  it was entitled as  Bulletin of Vinnytsya State Agricultural Institute.
In 2010-2014 was enritled as Collection of scientific works of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
It has been named as Agriculture and Forestry since 2015.
 
Certificate of mass media state registration No. 21363-11163 Р of June 09, 2015
1. Founder (co-founder): Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.
2. Type of publication: journal.
3. Publication status: domestic.
4. Title(s) of publication: Agriculture and Forestry.
5. Language(s) of the publication: Ukrainian and English.
6. Spread: nationwide.
7. Categories of readers: students, postgraduates, scientists, employees of agroindustrial complex, state bodies of management.
8. Program goals (basic principles): questions of technology and efficiency of crop cultivation, scientific and industrial aspects of agronomic specialties, ecology and forestry.
9. Estimated periodicity of issue, volume (in conventional printed sheets) and format of publication: twice a half year, 7.5-15 conventional printed sheets, format: A4.
10. Legal address of the founder: 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Street, 3; telephones: (0432) 56-03-13; 35-70-84, fax: (0432) 43-80-25; e-mail:
11. Location of the editorial office: 21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Street, 3.
12. Type of publication by purpose: agriculture and forestry, scientific production.
History of journal:

Journal History:

Scientific journal "AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY" was founded  in 1995;  it was entitled as  Bulletin of Vinnytsya State Agricultural Institute.

In 2010-2014 was enritled as Collection of scientific works of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University.

It has been named as Agriculture and Forestry since 2015.

Listed in the updated list of scientific professional editions of Ukraine on agricultural sciences under the name Agriculture and Forestry (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine of May 16, 2016; No. 515).

Since 2015, "Agriculture and Forestry".  (archive of previous issues for 2015-2019) at http://forestry.vsau.edu.ua/.

The journal “Agriculture and Forestry (ISSN: 2707-5826)” passed the evaluation process of Index Copernicus positively and is indexed in the database of ICI Journals Master List   ICV for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 is presented in the full list of indexed journals in the Master List International List 

https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/details?id=65401

According to the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 17.03.2020 № 409. The journal Agriculture and Forestry is included in the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine Category "B" in agricultural sciences (specialties) - 101, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206.