Agriculture and forestry

Mazur Viktor – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Plant Growing, Selection and Bioenergetic Cultures Department, Rector of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vice-President of ESPC Ukrainian Scientific-Educational Consortium (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna St.3, е-mail: rector@vsau.org ).

Pantsyreva Hanna – Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Forestry, Horticulture and Viticulture, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

Kopytchuk Yurii – post-graduate student of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3).

The biological yield potential of modern winter wheat varieties has been established. The market, changes of organizational and ownership structures in the agricultural sector are studied. The problem of stable and reliable production of winter wheat grain and improvement of its quality has been disclosed. The works of domestic and foreign scientists have been analyzed and their significant contribution to the creation of modern cultivation technology ensuring high profitability of winter wheat has been determined. Grain yields for competitive production are proved. The article is based on the importance in the technological regulation of cultivation of such components as rational fertilization, reasonable sowing norms, which allow to manage the production process of winter wheat crops and to receive high yields, to increase the economic efficiency of cultivation of crops. The efficiency of application of the increased background of fertilizer at the seeding rate of 3.0 million pieces is theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved. us. / ha to realize the genetic potential of winter wheat under the conditions of PE "Zetto", which is located in the village. Klekotina of Shargorod district, Vinnytsia region in the zone of Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The system of agrotechnical measures and their combination in the technology of cultivation is optimized and economically justified, which ensures stable high yield and good quality of winter wheat grain. It is established that for optimization of production processes of plants and rational use of natural and climatic potential of the region and material and technical resources for the purpose of stable grain production. Taking into account the complex of unsolved problems concerning the optimal rate of sowing of winter wheat seeds on the increased backgrounds of fertilizers in relation to the specific soil and climatic conditions of cultivation and biological features of modern varieties and hybrids, technological aspects of cultivation are proposed, which preserve fertility.

1. Hlukhova N.A. (2007). Perspektyvy selektsii sortiv ozymoi miakoi pshenytsi z pidvyshchenym rivnem adaptyvnosti v Lisostepu Ukrainy [Prospects for selection of winter soft wheat with increased adaptability in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Dosiahnennia i problemy henetyky,  selektsii ta biotekhnolohii:  zb. nauk. prats.  Ukr. t-vo henetykiv i selektsioneriv im. M.I. Vavilova.– Achievements and problems of genetics, selection and biotechnology zb.  Science.  wash.  Ukr.  t-vo geneticists and breeders.  MI Vavilov. Kyiv. 60-68 [in Ukrainian].                                           

2. Zazymko M.M. (2010). Rol sorta v zashchyte ozymoi pshenytsы [The role of the variety in the protection of winter wheat]. Ahronom – Agronomist. № 4. 44-47 [in Ukrainian].

3. Lykhochvor V.V. (1999). Struktura vrozhaiu ozymoi pshenytsi: monohrafiia [Structure of winter wheat crop: monograph]. Lviv: Ukrainski tekhnolohii. [in Ukrainian].

4. Derzhavnyi reiestr sortiv roslyn, prydatnykh dlia poshyrennia v Ukraini u 2008 rotsi (vytiah) (2018). [State Register of Varieties of Plants Eligible for Distribution in Ukraine in 2008 (Extract)].Kyiv Alefa.   [in Ukrainian].

5. Shevchenko A.O. (1998). Biolohichnyi potentsial ozymoi pshenytsi ta modeliuvannia yoho produktyvnoho protsesu [Biological potential of winter wheat and modeling of its productive process]. Systemni doslidzhennia ta modeliuvannia v zemlerobstvi: zb. nauk. pr. – System research and modeling in agriculture. 126-141 [in Ukrainian].

6. Yaroshenko S.S. (2012). Vplyv protruinykiv nasinnia na produktyvnist pshenytsi ozymoi [Effect of seed dressers on winter wheat productivity]. Biul. In-tu silskoho hospodarstva stepovoi zony NAAN Ukrainy – Bull.  Institute of Agriculture of the steppe zone of NAAS of Ukraine. [in Ukrainian].

7. Nesterets V.H. (2005). Vplyv anomalii pohody na rist, rozvytok, zymostiikist i urozhainist ozymoi pshenytsi v umovakh pivdenno-skhidnoho rehionu Stepu [Impact of weather anomalies on growth, development, winter hardiness and yield of winter wheat in the southeastern region of the Steppe]. Biuleten Instytutu zernovoho hospodarstva – Bulletin of the Institute of Grain Management.  № 27. 161-168 [in Ukrainian].

8. Tsyliuryk O.I. (2005). Vplyv poperednykiv, dobryv ta pohodnykh umov na produktyvnist ta yakist zerna ozymoi pshenytsi v umovakh pidzony pivnichnoho Stepu Ukrainy [Impact of precursors, fertilizers and weather conditions on productivity and quality of winter wheat grain in the sub-zone of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine]. Naukovi pratsi Poltavskoi derzhavnoi ahrarnoi akademii – Scientific works of Poltava State Agrarian Academy. Vols. 4 (23).  230-235 [in Ukrainian].