Agriculture and forestry

Vdovenko Serhiy Anatoliyovych – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor of the Department of Forestry, Horticulture and Viticulture of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street. e-mail: sloi@i.ua).

Pihotskyi Valentyn Andriyovych – graduate student of the Department of Plant Breeding and Horticulture of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street.).

The article evaluates the use of biological products Azotohelp and Mycohelp in the cultivation of table beets in the open field of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe in order to increase plant productivity and product quality. The research was conducted during 2023-2024. The seeds were sown using a 45 cm row seeding scheme. The research on the effect of biological products Azotohelp and Mycohelp on pre-sowing treatment of seeds and plants during the vegetation of table beet was conducted on Detroit, Bikores, Opolsky varieties. The control variant was seeds and plants of the Detroit variety, which were not treated with biological products. As a result of the research, it was found that biological products have a positive effect on the biometric parameters of the table beet plant: the number of leaves in Detroit and Opolsky varieties can increase up to 14-14.3 pieces due to the use of Azotohelp, and the number of leaves in Opolsky variety increases 1.3 times due to the use of Mycohelp; the total length of the leaf increases up to 51 cm in Opolsky variety due to the use of Azotohelp; the weight of the aboveground part of the plant increases 1.0-1.7 times due to the use of biological products Azotohelp and Mycohelp only in Detroit and Opolsky varieties. The bacteria that form the basis of Azotohelp contribute to an increase in the weight of the root crop in Detroit and Opolsky varieties by 11 and 30%, respectively, and from the use of Mycohelp by 8-53%, respectively; the largest diameter of the root crop can be obtained by using biological products Azotohelp or Mycohelp for the cultivation of Opolsky variety with an indicator of 9.1 and 9.4 cm, respectively. The high-yielding varieties include Opolsky and Detroit, and the medium-yielding variety Bicores. Due to the activity of bacteria, which are part of the preparation Mycohelp, the inhibition of phytopathogens is ensured, the area of nutrient absorption increases, which contributes to an increase in the yield of root crops of the Opolsky variety up to 84.0 t/ha. The positive effect of the preparation was also obtained when growing the Detroit variety (63.7 t/ha). When using the biological product Azotohelp, there is a stimulating effect of bacteria on the growth processes of the plant and increases the yield of root crops of the Opolsky variety to 71.7 t/ha, and of the Detroit variety to 65.7 t/ha. The highest fiber content can be obtained in the variety Bikores when using both Azotohelp and Mycohelp, but there is a tendency to increase the fiber content from the use of Mycohelp to 6.52%. Root crops of Detroit variety are characterized by a higher sugar content when using Azotohelp (9.58%) or Mycohelp (9.67%). Most of the ash is found in the root crop where Mycohelp was used in the Bicores variety (11.22%). Root crops contain more nitrogen and phosphorus when using Azotohelp or Mycohelp when growing Bicores or Detroit varieties, but Mycohelp contributes to a greater accumulation of these elements.

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