Agriculture and forestry

Tsytsiura Yaroslav Grigoryevich − Candidate of Agricultural Sciences (PhD), Associate Professor of the Department of Soil Management, Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. (21008, Vinnytsia town, Soniachna st., build 5/42, e-mail: yaroslavtsytsyura@ukr.net).

Tsaruk Inna Oleksandrivna − student of Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. (21008, Vinnytsia town, Soniachna st. 3, e-mail: tsarukinna14@gmail.com)

The article summarizes the importance of studying alelopathic interactions between plants, taking into consideration the ecologization and biologization of the weed control system in agrocenoses of agricultural crops. The urgency in solving this issue with the use of intermediate forage and green manure crops and, in particular, oil radish, has been emphasized. The paper presents the results of studying the efficiency of using oil radish as a phyto-mediator in crop rotation to suppress and control various biological weed species by determining the germination of seeds of the oil-bearing radish variety Zhuravka by two research methods – germination on filter paper when moistened with water extracts of various types of weeds and germination on soil subtrate when moistened with the same extracts in a mode close to real soil conditions for germination of oil radish seeds. The used wide range of concentration of aqueous extracts from 0.25% to 16.0% with equal interval step allowed us to confirm the significantly different sensitivity of oil radish at the germination stage both in the version of traditional germination on filter paper and in germination on a soil substrate. At the same time, it was noted that oil radish has a sensitive reaction to water extracts of the studied 20 species of weed plants in the concentration range from 0.25% to 16% with the boundary value of the formation of the minimum level of laboratory seed germination at a concentration of 4.0%. The maximum effect of the impact on the indicators of laboratory germination of oil radish seeds, taking into consideration the minimum permissible level of decrease in the value of germination of seeds, was noted in the concentration range of aqueous extracts of 1.0-4.0%.

Gradual growth of allelopathic pressure on germination of oil radish seeds on filter paper can be placed in such an increasing row: Field mustard (PA) - Artemisia ragweed (PA) - Tenacious ragweed (PA) - Wild radish (PA) - Actinoid thistle (PA) - Lettuce wild (PA) - Wheatgrass (PA) - Field cabbage (VA) - Common shchiritsa (VA) - Rough highlander (VA) - Field bindweed (VA) - Kulbuba officinalis (VA) - Field horsetail (VA) - Golinsoga small-flowered ( VA) - Common herringbone (VA) - Gray bristle grass (VA) - Canadian malignant (VA) - Yellow thistle (VA) - Pink thistle (VA) - White Mary (VA).

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