Agriculture and forestry

Razanov Serhiy – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street, e-mail: razanov@vsau.vin.ua).

Shevchuk Victoriya – Senior Lecturer, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street, e-mail: viktoriya.shevchuk2017@gmail.com).

Komynar Mykola – Graduate Student of the Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management NAAS (03143, Kyiv, 12 Metrologichna Street, e-mail: nik190778@ukr.net).

The quality and safety of beekeeping products depends primarily on the ecological condition of natural nectar-pollinating lands. It is known that nectar-pollinating lands after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant were radioactively contaminated, which led to the accumulation of radionuclides in nectar, as well as in the product of its processing by bees - copper, in some cases above acceptable levels of cesium-137 16 nKi / kg (TAL - 91). This level of cesium-137 concentration was characteristic of honey produced by bees directly in the conditions of the northern Polissya of Ukraine within the Narodytsky, Ovruchsky and Polissya districts of the Zhytomyr region. In these areas of nectar-pollinating lands, in soils of which the specific activity of cesium-137 ranged from 1 Ki / km2 to 5 Ki / km2, levels were observed in honey that exceeded TAL - 91. It has been proved that the migration of cesium-137 into honey depends on the level of contamination of honey lands and the botanical origin of honey plants. The lowest content of radiocaesium immediately after the Chernobyl accident was found in dandelion and linden honey, and the highest - from legumes and honeysuckle of forest plantations, such as buckthorn, raspberry, ivan tea. A relatively high content of radiocaesium was found in honey produced by bees from thyme and heather, even in areas where the content of cesium-137 was higher than 1 Ki / km2. As a result of the research, it was found that the production of honey from winter oilseed rape and sunflower in terms of nectar-pollinating agricultural land returned to agricultural production after 34 years after the Chernobyl accident with a specific activity of cesium-137 in soil up to 2.47 Ki / km2 is safe. The specific activity of cesium-137 in such pollution was lower than TAL-2006 in honey produced by bees from winter rape and sunflower, respectively 11 times and 8.2 times. In honey produced by bees from the nectar of winter rape, there was a lower concentration of cesium-137 in 1.14 times compared to sunflower honey.

1.Korneev N. A., Sirotin A. N. (1987). Osnovy` radioe`kologiisel`skokhozyajstven-ny`kh zhivotny`kh [Fundamentals of radioecology of agricultural animals]. M.: E`nergoatomizdat. [In Russian].

2.Silin V. I. (1985). Metodicheskie ukazaniya po opredeleniyu soderzhaniyastroncziya-90 i czeziya-137 v pochvakh i rasteniyakh [Methodological guidelines for the determination of the content of strontium-90 and cesium-137 in soils and plants]. [In Russian].

3.Bar`yakhtar V. G. (1995). Chernoby`l`skaya katastrofa [The Chernobyldisaster]. K.: Naukova dumka. [In Russian].

4.Prister B. S. (1991). Vedennya sil`s`kogospodars`kogo vy`robny`cztva natery`toriyax zabrudneny`x radioakty`vny`my` elementamy` [Conducting agricultural production in areas contaminated with radioactive elements]. Speczvy`pusk − Special issue. № 3. 112. [in Ukrainian].

5.Prister B. S. (1991). E`ffektivnost` meropriyatij, napravlenny`kh naumen`shenie zagryazneniya produkczii rastenievodstva v rajonakh, zagryaznenny`kh v rezul`tate avarii na Chornoby`l`skoj AES [The effectiveness of measures aimed at reducing the pollution of crop production in areas contaminated as a result of the accident at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant]. Problemy` sel`skokhozyajstvennoj radiologii. 141–153 [In Russian].

6.Leshhenko A. N., Blagoev V. V., Shopod`ko I. V. (1993). Migracziya ipodvizhnost` radionuklidov chernoby`l`skogo vy`brosa v dernovo-podzolistoj pochve [Migration and mobility of radionuclides from the Chernobyl release in sod-podzolic soil]. Radiologicheskij s`ezd: tezisy` dokladov. Ch. 2. Pushhino. [In Russian].

7.Glazovskaya M. A. (1978). Princzipy` klassifikaczii pochv po ikhustojchivosti k khimicheskomu zagryazneniyu [Principles of soil classification by their resistance to chemical pollution]. Zemel`ny`e resursy` mira, ikh ispol`zovanie i okhrana. 85–89 [In Russian].

8.Razanov S. F. (2007). Shhob oderzhati chistij med [To get pure honey].Tvarinnicztvo Ukrayini − Livestock of Ukraine. № 4. 40–41 [In Ukrainian].

9.Romanenko A. E., Pyatak O. A., Kovalenk D. N. (1995). Zdorov`euchastnikov likvidaczii posledstvij avarii [Health of the participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident]. V kn.: Chernoby`l`skaya katastrofa. K.: Naukova dumka. [In Russian].

10.Adejshvili-Sy`romyatnikova M. K. (2001). Stereometricheskaya khara-kteristika izmeneniya yaichnikov v postradiaczionnom periode [Stereometric characteristics of ovarian changes in the post-radiation period]. Eksperimental`na ta kli`ni`chna mediczina − Experimental and clinical medicine. № 3. 124–127 [In Russian].

11.Aganin A. V. (1987). Metodicheskie rekomendaczii po issledovaniyu meda[Methodical recommendations for the study of honey]. M.: Kolos. [In Russian].

12.Malienko A. M., Musatov S. A., Burikov A. P. (2005). Radioaktivnoezagryaznenie okruzhayushhej sredy` [Radioactive contamination of the environment]. Zhivotnovodstvo v tekhnogenny`kh i radioaktivny`kh usloviyakh − Livestock breeding in technogenic and radioactive conditions. №3. 24–25 [In Russian].