Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Razanov Serhiy – Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street, e-mail: razanov@vsau.vin.ua).

Shevchuk Victoriya – Senior Lecturer, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, 3 Sonyachna Street, e-mail: viktoriya.shevchuk2017@gmail.com).

Komynar Mykola – Graduate Student of the Institute of Agroecology and Nature Management NAAS (03143, Kyiv, 12 Metrologichna Street, e-mail: nik190778@ukr.net).

The quality and safety of beekeeping products depends primarily on the ecological condition of natural nectar-pollinating lands. It is known that nectar-pollinating lands after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant were radioactively contaminated, which led to the accumulation of radionuclides in nectar, as well as in the product of its processing by bees - copper, in some cases above acceptable levels of cesium-137 16 nKi / kg (TAL - 91). This level of cesium-137 concentration was characteristic of honey produced by bees directly in the conditions of the northern Polissya of Ukraine within the Narodytsky, Ovruchsky and Polissya districts of the Zhytomyr region. In these areas of nectar-pollinating lands, in soils of which the specific activity of cesium-137 ranged from 1 Ki / km2 to 5 Ki / km2, levels were observed in honey that exceeded TAL - 91. It has been proved that the migration of cesium-137 into honey depends on the level of contamination of honey lands and the botanical origin of honey plants. The lowest content of radiocaesium immediately after the Chernobyl accident was found in dandelion and linden honey, and the highest - from legumes and honeysuckle of forest plantations, such as buckthorn, raspberry, ivan tea. A relatively high content of radiocaesium was found in honey produced by bees from thyme and heather, even in areas where the content of cesium-137 was higher than 1 Ki / km2. As a result of the research, it was found that the production of honey from winter oilseed rape and sunflower in terms of nectar-pollinating agricultural land returned to agricultural production after 34 years after the Chernobyl accident with a specific activity of cesium-137 in soil up to 2.47 Ki / km2 is safe. The specific activity of cesium-137 in such pollution was lower than TAL-2006 in honey produced by bees from winter rape and sunflower, respectively 11 times and 8.2 times. In honey produced by bees from the nectar of winter rape, there was a lower concentration of cesium-137 in 1.14 times compared to sunflower honey.

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