Сільське господарство та лісівництво

Stashevsky R.V. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Plant Breeding, Breeding and Bioenergy Crops of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (21008, Vinnytsia, Soniachna Str. 3). 

In recent years, Ukraine has significantly increased exports of beans, taking the position of a key exporter of this crop from the Black Sea region, considering them as an opportunity to diversify production, and if soybeans are already grown on a large scale, then niche experiments are experimented with on small areas - from 100 hectares and more. The expansion of industrial bean production is due to the growing demand for it in the domestic and world markets. At the same time, beans grown on households do not always meet the needs of commercial companies and processing enterprises. Commodity batches that are multiples of machine standards, ie from 4 and more tons, are in demand on the market. Provided that the product must belong to the same variety in order to be uniform in size, color, structure, etc. This can be achieved in the case of industrial cultivation of beans or the organization of its cultivation in private farms through the creation of service agricultural cooperatives.  The growing season of common beans consists of the following phases of growth and development: the second - from the appearance of mass shoots to the first true leaf; the third - from the appearance of the first true leaf to the appearance of the first branch; fourth - from the appearance of the first branch to flowering; fifth - from flowering to the appearance of physiologically mature seeds.It was found that the coefficient of variation (V = 16.7%) the lowest variability of the period from sowing to emergence is typical for varieties: UD0300019, UD0300495, UD0302223 - 8.0%. Plants in the phase from the emergence of mass seedlings to the true leaf proved that the low coefficient of variation (V = 5.6%) had varieties UD0302223 and UD0300232, the other samples responded actively to growing conditions. 

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